Shiji 32 - House of Duke Tai of Qi

Chapter thirty two – Second lineage -- Duke Tai of Qi　 　

太 公 望 呂 尚 者 ， 東 海 上 人 。 其 先 祖 嘗 為 四 嶽 ， 佐 禹 平 水 土 甚 有 功 。 虞 夏 之 際 封 於 呂 ， 或 封於 申 ， 姓 姜 氏 。 夏 商 之 時 ， 申 、 呂 或 封 枝 庶 子 孫， 或 為 庶 人 ， 尚 其 後 苗 裔 也 。 本 姓 姜 氏 ， 從 其 封 姓 ， 故曰 呂 尚 。
Wang, the duke Tai, was named Lü Shang. He was a native from the coasts of the oriental sea, and a descendent of one of the four ministers who helped Yu order waters and lands. Between the reign of Shun and the Xia, some of his ancestors received Lü as their fief, and others were enfiefed in Shen, and assumed the surname Jiang. By the time of the Xia and Shang dynasties, the fiefs in Lu and Shen had passed to secondary branches of the family, and some of their descendents had become commoners. Lu Shang was one of these. Though he originally belonged to the Jiang clan, he took the name of his fief as his surname, and was therefore called Lü Shang.　 　

呂 尚 蓋 嘗 窮 困 ， 年 老 矣 ， 以 漁 釣 奸 周 西 伯。 西 伯 將 出 獵 ， 卜 之 ， 曰 「 所 獲 非 龍 非  ， 非 虎 非 羆 ； 所 獲 霸 王 之 輔 」 。 於 是 周 西 伯 獵 ， 果 遇 太公 於 渭 之 陽 ， 與 語 大 說 ， 曰 ： 「 自 吾 先 君 太 公 曰 『 當 有 聖 人 適 周 ， 周 以 興 』 。 子 真 是 邪 ？ 吾 太 公 望 子 久 矣 。 」故 號 之 曰 「 太 公 望 」 ， 載 與 俱 歸 ， 立 為 師 。
Lu Shang lived a poor and miserable life until he was old. One day, while he was fishing, he met the Count Xi of Zhou, who was hunting. Before leaving, the count had consulted an augur, who had told him: “your prize will be neither dragon nor serpent, neither tiger nor bear, but one who will make you a hegemon.” The Count then went hunting and finally met duke Tai on the banks of the Wei. They talked for long, and with great pleasure. The Count said: “my ancestor, Duke Tai of Zhou, once said: “when the house of Zhou will have a sage as her counsellor, it will prosper,” aren’t you this saint counsellor, which Duke Tai saw long ago? “ He therefore bestowed him the title of Taigong Wang (seen by Duke Tai), invited him on his chariot, took him back, and made him his tutor.　 　

或 曰 ， 太 公 博 聞 ， 嘗 事 紂 。 紂 無 道 ， 去 之 。 游 說諸 侯 ， 無 所 遇 ， 而 卒 西 歸 周 西 伯 。 或 曰 ， 呂 尚 處 士 ， 隱海 濱 。 周 西 伯 拘 羑 里 ， 散 宜 生 、 閎 夭 素 知 而 招 呂 尚 。 呂尚 亦 曰 「 吾 聞 西 伯 賢 ， 又 善 養 老 ， 盍 往 焉 」 。 三 人 者 為 西 伯 求 美 女 奇 物 ， 獻 之 於 紂 ， 以 贖 西 伯 。 西 伯 得 以 出 ，反 國 。 言 呂 尚 所 以 事 周 雖 異 ， 然 要 之 為 文 武 師 。
According to other sources, Duke Tai was a famous scholar, who served Zhou, the tyrant. As Zhou was corrupt, he left his service, and visited the feudal princes. Yet, no one would receive him, so he finally travelled west and met Count Xi of Zhou. According to others, Lü Shang was a sage who lived as a hermit of the seashore. When Count Xi was jailed in Youli, San Yisheng and Hong Yao heard of Lü Shang and fetched him. He told them: “I have heard that Count Xi is wise and respectful of his elder, how could I not come with you?” The three of them, on behalf of Count Xi, gathered beautiful women and precious items, and offered to Zhou, to pay for his ransom. Count Xi therefore was freed, and started his rebellion. Even though sources disagree on how Lü Shang came to serve the Zhou, all say that he was the tutor of Kings Wen and Wu.　 　

周 西 伯 昌 之 脫 羑 里 歸 ， 與 呂 尚 陰 謀 修 德 以 傾 商 政， 其 事 多 兵 權 與 奇 計 ， 故 後 世 之 言 兵 及 周 之 陰 權 皆 宗 太 公 為 本 謀 。 周 西 伯 政 平 ， 及 斷 虞 芮 之 訟 ， 而 詩 人稱 西 伯 受 命 曰 文 王 。 伐 崇 、 密 須 、 犬 夷 ， 大 作 豐邑 。 天 下 三 分 ， 其 二 歸 周 者 ， 太 公 之 謀 計 居 多 。
When Chang, Count Xi of Zhou, escaped from Youli and came back home, he privately consulted Lü Shang on how to restore virtue, and put and end to the government of the Shang. To this effect, he relied on the strength of many soldiers, and resorted to clever strategies. Therefore, future generations all remembered that the policies of the Zhou were designed by duke Tai. Count Xi of Zhou therefore steadied his rule, he put an end to the disputes between Yu and Rui, , and poets, once he received the mandate of heaven, began to call him King Wen. He then attacked Chong, Mixu and the Quanyi, and had a great city built in Feng. At this point, two thirds of the Empire belonged to the Zhou, thanks to the thoughtful advices of Duke Tai.　 　

文 王 崩 ， 武 王 即 位 。 九 年 ， 欲 修 文 王 業 ， 東 伐 以觀 諸 侯 集 否 。 師 行 ， 師 尚 父 左 杖 黃 鉞 ， 右 把 白 旄 以 誓 ， 曰 ： 「 蒼 兕 蒼 兕 ， 總 爾 眾 庶 ， 與 爾 舟 楫 ，後 至 者 斬 ！ 」 遂 至 盟 津 。 諸 侯 不 期 而 會 者 八 百 諸 侯 。 諸侯 皆 曰 ： 「 紂 可 伐 也 。 」 武 王 曰 ： 「 未 可 。 」 還 師 ， 與 太 公 作 此 太 誓 。
When King Wen died, King Wu was enthroned. On his ninth year, in order to expand the possessions of King Wen, he led an expedition eastwards, and looked whether feudal princes would join him. As his army was leaving, Shi Shangfu, holding a golden axe in his left hand, and a white ox tail in his right hand, which he used to give orders, said: “O, blue rhinos, I will gather you all, I will use you as the mariner uses the oar, and we will kill those who join us late!” Then, they arrived in Mengjin. More than eight hundred princes had hurried to join him. They all said : “let us attack the tyrant Zhou! » But King Wu answered: « not yet ! ». He then led his armies back, and, together with duke Tai, wrote the Great Harangue.　 　

居 二 年 ， 紂 殺 王 子 比 干 ， 囚 箕 子 。 武 王 將 伐 紂 ，卜 龜 兆 ， 不 吉 ， 風 雨 暴 至 。 群 公 盡 懼 ， 唯 太 公 彊 之 勸 武王 ， 武 王 於 是 遂 行 。 十 一 年 正 月 甲 子 ， 誓 於 牧 野 ， 伐 商 紂 。 紂 師 敗 績 。 紂 反走 ， 登 鹿 臺 ， 遂 追 斬 紂 。 明 日 ， 武 王 立 于 社 ， 群 公 奉 明 水 ， 衛 康 叔 封 布 采 席 ， 師 尚 父 牽 牲 ， 史 佚 策 祝 ， 以 告 神 討 紂 之 罪 。 散 鹿 臺 之 錢 ， 發 鉅 橋 之 粟 ， 以 振 貧 民 。 封 比 干 墓 ， 釋 箕 子 囚 。 遷 九 鼎 ， 脩 周 政 ， 與 天下 更 始 。 師 尚 父 謀 居 多 。
Two years later, the tyrant Zhou had prince Bigan executed, and jailed Jizi. King Wu intended to attack Zhou. He asked for the advice of turtle shells. The augur was unfavourable, and great winds and rain arose. All other princes were very afraid, only Duke Tai still strongly encouraged King Wu to attack Zhou, and the King finally agreed. On the eleventh year, on day Jiazi of the first month, King Wu harangued the feudal princes in the plain of Mu, and led them attack Zhou of Shang. The armies of Zhou were utterly defeated, and the tyrant fled and took refuge in the Tower of Lu. King Wu chased him and cut his head. The next morning, King Wu took possession of the altar of earth. Princes presented him with dew, Kang Shufeng of Wei spread a multicoloured mat under him, Shi Shangfu led a sacrificial ox, Shi Yi wrote an oration, in order to let the spirits know that the crimes of Zhou had be punished. He gave away the riches gathered in the Tower of Lu and opened the royal granaries of Juqiao to help the poor. He made a sacrifice on the tomb of Bigan and released Jizi. Then, he collected the nine magical cauldrons, established the rule of Zhou dynasty, and had the first day of the year changed in the Empire. Shi Shangfu was his main advisor, then.　 　

於 是 武 王 已 平 商 而 王 天 下 ， 封 師 尚 父 於 齊 營 丘 。 東 就 國 ， 道 宿 行 遲 。 逆 旅 之 人 曰 ： 「 吾 聞 時 難 得而 易 失 。 客 寢 甚 安 ， 殆 非 就 國 者 也 。 」 太 公 聞 之 ， 夜 衣而 行 ， 犁 明 至 國 。 萊 侯 來 伐 ， 與 之 爭 營 丘 。 營 丘邊 萊 。 萊 人 ， 夷 也 ， 會 紂 之 亂 而 周 初 定 ， 未 能 集 遠 方 ，是 以 與 太 公 爭 國 。
After King Wu had pacified the Shang and established his rule over the world, he gave Shi Shangfu a fief in Yingqiu, in Qi. As he travelled eastwards to his kingdom, he walked slowly and stopped on the way. An innkeeper told him: “I am told that Time is difficult to earn, but easy to lose. If you are now resting so calmly, it might mean that you will never reach your kingdom.” When he heard this, Duke Tai took the road at once, still wearing his night garments. Early in the morning, he arrived in his kingdom. The Prince of Lai had attacked and was trying to conquer Yingqiu, which was on the border of Lai. The people of Lai were Yi. They had helped the corruption of tyrant Zhou, and had been pacified by the kings of Zhou. However, the most remote regions had not been submitted, and they disputed his kingdom with Duke Tai. 　 　

太 公 至 國 ， 脩 政 ， 因 其 俗 ， 簡 其 禮 ， 通 商 工 之 業， 便 魚 鹽 之 利 ， 而 人 民 多 歸 齊 ， 齊 為 大 國 。 及 周 成 王 少 時 ， 管 蔡 作 亂 ， 淮 夷 畔 周 ， 乃 使 召 康 公 命 太 公 曰 ： 「 東 至 海 ， 西 至 河 ， 南 至 穆 陵 ， 北 至 無 棣 ， 五 侯 九 伯 ， 實 得 征 之 。 」 齊 由 此 得 征 伐 ， 為大 國 。 都 營 丘 。
As Duke Tai reached his kingdom, he established his rule, following the local customs and simplifying the rites. He developed commerce and industry, taking advantage of its resources in fish and salt. Lots of families therefore settled in Qi, which became a powerful kingdom. Finally, when king Cheng of Zhou was young, the princes of Guan and Cai revolted, as did the Yi of the Huai. Duke Kang of Zhao therefore sent an order to Duke Tai, which said : “let Qi extend east to the sea, and west to the Yellow River, let it reach Muling in the south, and Wudi in the north. Attack and conquer the princes and potentates of this regions.” The Prince of Qi therefore led expeditions against these princes, and Qi became a large kingdom. Its capital was in Yingqiu.

蓋 太 公 之 卒 百 有 餘 年 ， 子 丁 公 呂 伋 立 。 丁 公 卒 ， 子 乙 公 得 立 。 乙 公 卒 ， 子 癸 公 慈 母 立 。 癸 公 卒 ， 子 哀 公 不 辰 立 。
Duke Tai probably lived more than one hundred years. Upon his death, his son, Lü Ji, duke Ding, succeeded him. After, the throne passed to De, duke Yi, Cimu, duke Gui, and Buchen, duke Ai.　 　

哀 公 時 ， 紀 侯 譖 之 周 ， 周 烹 哀 公 而 立 其 弟 靜 ， 是 為 胡 公 。 胡 公 徙 都 薄 姑 ， 而 當 周 夷 王 之 時 。
During the reign of Duke Ai, the marquis of Ji slandered him before the Emperor, who had Duke Ai boiled alive, and bestowed his throne to his younger brother, Jing, who became duke Hu. Duke Hu moved his capital to Bogu, during the reign of King Yi of Zhou.　 　

哀 公 之 同 母 少 弟 山 怨 胡 公 ， 乃 與 其 黨 率 營 丘 人 襲攻 殺 胡 公 而 自 立 ， 是 為 獻 公 。 獻 公 元 年 ， 盡 逐 胡 公 子 ， 因 徙 薄 姑 都 ， 治 臨 菑 。
The youngest brother of duke Ai, Shan, did not like duke Hu. Therefore, together with a party of people from Yingqiu, he ambushed Duke Hu, killed him, and took his place on the throne, becoming Duke Xian. On the first year of Duke Xian (859 BC), he banned the descendants on duke Hu. The capital had been transferred to Bogu. He moved it back to Linzi.　 　

九 年 ， 獻 公 卒 ， 子 武 公 壽 立 。 武 公 九 年 ， 周 厲 王出 奔 ， 居 彘 。 十 年 ， 王 室 亂 ， 大 臣 行 政 ， 號 曰 「共 和 」 。 二 十 四 年 ， 周 宣 王 初 立 。
On the ninth year (851), Duke Xian died. His son, Shou, became duke Wu. On the ninth year of duke Wu (842), king Li of Zhou had to flee and settle in Zhi. On the tenth year (841), there was a revolt in the imperial palace. The greater vassals took hold of the government, and this era was called “regency”. On the twenty fourth year (827), king Xuan of Zhou was enthroned.　 　

二 十 六 年 ， 武 公 卒 ， 子 厲 公 無 忌 立 。 厲 公 暴 虐 ，故 胡 公 子 復 入 齊 ， 齊 人 欲 立 之 ， 乃 與 攻 殺 厲 公 。 胡 公 子亦 戰 死 。 齊 人 乃 立 厲 公 子 赤 為 君 ， 是 為 文 公 ， 而 誅 殺 厲公 者 七 十 人 。
On the twenty-sixth year (825), duke Wu died. His son, Wuji, succeeded him and became duke Li. Duke Li was a tyrant. Therefore, when a son of duke Hu came back to Qi, the people of Qi wanted to put him back on the throne, and attacked and killed duke Li. As the son of duke Hu had died during the battle, the people of Qi enthroned Chi, a son of duke Li, who became duke Wen. They also had some seventy associates of duke Li executed.　 　

文 公 十 二 年 卒 ， 子 成 公 脫 立 。 成 公 九 年 卒， 子 莊 公 購 立 。
Duke Wen died after twelve years (804). His son, Tuo, inherited the throne and became duke Cheng. After nine years (795), duke Cheng died and was succeeded by his son, Gou, who became duke Zhuang.　 　

莊 公 二 十 四 年 ， 犬 戎 殺 幽 王 ， 周 東 徙 雒 。 秦 始 列為 諸 侯 。 五 十 六 年 ， 晉 弒 其 君 昭 侯 。
On the twenty fourth year of duke Zhuang (771), Quanrong killed King You, and the Zhou transferred their capital east to Luo. The lord of Qin became a feudal prince. On the fifty sixth year (739), the people of Jin killed their lord, the marquis Zhao.　 　

六 十 四 年 ， 莊 公 卒 ， 子 釐 公 祿 甫 立 。
Duke Zhuang died on his sixty fourth year (731), and was succeeded by his son, Lufu, who became duke Xi.　 　

釐 公 九 年 ， 魯 隱 公 初 立 。 十 九 年 ， 魯 桓 公 弒 其 兄 隱 公 而 自 立 為 君 。
On the ninth year of duke Xi (722), duke Yin was enthroned in Lu. On the nineteenth year (712), duke Huan of Lu has his older brother, duke Yin, assassinated, and took his place on the throne.　 　

二 十 五 年 ， 北 戎 伐 齊 。 鄭 使 太 子 忽 來 救 齊 ， 齊 欲妻 之 。 忽 曰 ：「 鄭 小 齊 大 ， 非 我 敵 。 」 遂 辭 之 。
On the twenty fifth year (706), the northern Rong attacked Qi. The prince of Zheng sent the crown prince Hu to help Qi. As the prince of Qi wanted to give him one of his daughters as a wife, Hu said: “Zheng is small and Qi is big, we cannot be your equal”, and therefore refused.　 　

三 十 二 年 ， 釐 公 同 母 弟 夷 仲 年 死 。 其 子 曰 公 孫 無知 ， 釐 公 愛 之 ， 令 其 秩 服 奉 養 比 太 子 。
On the thirty second year (699), the brother of duke Xi, Yi Zhongnian, died. His son was named prince Wuzhi. As duke Xi liked him, he gave him the same rank as the crown prince.　 　

三 十 三 年 ， 釐 公 卒 ， 太 子 諸 兒 立 ， 是 為 襄 公 。
On the thirty third year (698), duke Xi died. The crown prince, Zhu’er, was enthroned and became duke Xiang.　 　

襄 公 元 年 ， 始 為 太 子 時 ， 嘗 與 無 知 鬥 ， 及 立 ， 絀 無 知 秩 服 ， 無 知 怨 。
When duke Xiang was the crown prince, he often had disputes with Wuzhi. On the first reign of his reign, as he stepped on the throne, he named Wuzhi to a lower rank. Wuzhi was angry at him.　 　

四 年 ， 魯 桓 公 與 夫 人 如 齊 。 齊 襄 公 故 嘗 私 通 魯 夫人 。 魯 夫 人 者 ， 襄 公 女 弟 也 ， 自 釐 公 時 嫁 為 魯 桓 公 婦 ，及 桓 公 來 而 襄 公 復 通 焉 。 魯 桓 公 知 之 ， 怒 夫 人 ， 夫 人 以告 齊 襄 公 。 齊 襄 公 與 魯 君 飲 ， 醉 之 ， 使 力 士 彭 生 抱 上 魯 君 車 ， 因 拉 殺 魯 桓 公 ， 桓 公 下 車 則 死 矣 。 魯 人 以 為 讓 ， 而 齊 襄 公 殺 彭 生 以 謝 魯 。
On the fourth year (694), Duke Huan of Lu and his wife came to Qi. Duke Xiang of Qi had an intimate relation with the princess of Lu, who happened to be his younger sister. She had married king Huan of Lu during the reign of duke Xi of Qi, and the visit of duke Huan enabled duke Xiang to see her again. When duke Huan of Lu heard of it, he was angry at his wife, who told duke Xiang of Qi. The duke therefore invited the lord of Lu to a banquet. When he was drunk, the duke ordered a brave, Pengsheng, to take the lord of Lu in his arms, to put him in his chariot, hit him and kill him. When people helped duke Huan out of his chariot, he was already dead. As the people of Lu were blaming Qi for this, duke Xiang had to have Pengsheng executed to calm public opinion in Lu.　 　

八 年 ， 伐 紀 ， 紀 遷 去 其 邑 。
On the eighth year, he attacked Ji, whose lord had to flee his capital.　 　

十 二 年 ， 初 ， 襄 公 使 連 稱 、 管 至 父 戍 葵 丘 ， 瓜 時 而 往 ， 及 瓜 而 代 。 往 戍 一 歲 ， 卒 瓜 時 而 公 弗 為 發 代 。 或 為 請 代 ， 公 弗 許 。 故 此 二 人 怒 ， 因 公 孫 無知 謀 作 亂 。 連 稱 有 從 妹 在 公 宮 ， 無 寵 ， 使 之 閒 襄 公 ， 曰 「 事 成 以 女 為 無 知 夫 人 」 。 冬 十 二 月 ， 襄公 游 姑 棼 ， 遂 獵 沛 丘 。 見 彘 ， 從 者 曰 「 彭生 」 。 公 怒 ， 射 之 ， 彘 人 立 而 啼 。 公 懼 ， 墜 車 傷足 ， 失 屨 。 反 而 鞭 主 屨 者 茀 三 百 。 茀 出 宮 。 而 無 知 、 連 稱 、 管 至 父 等 聞 公 傷， 乃 遂 率 其 眾 襲 宮 。 逢 主 屨 茀 ， 茀 曰 ： 「 且 無 入 驚 宮 ，驚 宮 未 易 入 也 。 」 無 知 弗 信 ， 茀 示 之 創 ， 乃 信 之。 待 宮 外 ， 令 茀 先 入 。 茀 先 入 ， 即 匿 襄 公 戶 閒 。 良 久 ，無 知 等 恐 ， 遂 入 宮 。 茀 反 與 宮 中 及 公 之 幸 臣 攻 無 知 等 ，不 勝 ， 皆 死 。 無 知 入 宮 ， 求 公 不 得 。 或 見 人 足 於 戶 閒 ，發 視 ， 乃 襄 公 ， 遂 弒 之 ， 而 無 知 自 立 為 齊 君 。
In the beginning of the twelfth year (686), duke Xiang sent Lian Cheng and Guan Zhifu garrison Kuiqiu. They left on the seventh month, in the melon season, and were supposed to be replaced at the time the next year. But after a year spent guarding the border, on the next melon season, the duke did not send anyone to replace them. They sent someone to ask to be relieved, but the duke refused. This angered the two men, who plotted a rebellion together with Prince Wuzhi. A cousin of Lian Cheng was a concubine of the duke. As she was not in favour, he planned to use her to create troubles in the household of duke Xiang, saying: “if our plot succeeds, you will become the wife of Wuzhi.” On the twelfth month, in winter, duke Xiang travelled to Gufen, and went hunting in Peiqiu. He saw a boar, and his followers said: “it is Pengsheng!” The duke was angry, and shot an arrow at the boar, which stood up on his hindlegs and shouted. The duke was afraid, fell from his chariot, wounded his foot and lost his shoe. When he returned home, he sentenced his shoemaker, Fu, to be whipped three hundred times. Fu left the palace. Meanwhile, as Wuzhi, Lian Cheng and Guan Zhifu had heard that the duke was wounded, they had sent their partisans attack the palace by surprise. On their way, they met with Fu, the shoemaker, who told told them: “you need to enter before the alarm is given. After the alarm, entering the palace will be difficult.” At first, Wuzhi did not trust him, but Fu showed him his wounds, and he believed him. Waiting with his men on the outside, he sent Fu, who entered first, and hid himself next to the door of duke Xiang. After a long while, Wuzhi and his men grew impatient, and entered the palace. Fu then betrayed them, joined the palace guards and the vassals who remained loyal to duke Xiang, and attacked the men of Wuzhi. However, they were defeated and everyone was killed. Wuzhi therefore entered the palace. He searched for the duke but could not find him. Some soldiers saw a pedestrian walking next to the door, as they looked at him, they saw he was duke Xiang. They killed him, and Wuzhi ascended the throne and proclaimed himself lord of Qi.　 　

桓 公 元 年 春 ， 齊 君 無 知 游 於 雍 林 。 雍 林 人嘗 有 怨 無 知 ， 及 其 往 游 ， 雍 林 人 襲 殺 無 知 ， 告 齊 大 夫 曰： 「 無 知 弒 襄 公 自 立 ， 臣 謹 行 誅 。 唯 大 夫 更 立 公 子 之 當 立 者 ， 唯 命 是 聽 。 」
On the first year of the reign of duke Huan (685), in spring, Wuzhi, the lord of Qi, travelled to Yonglin. One resident of Yonglin hated Wuzhi. Taking advantage of his venue, he ambushed him and killed him. He then informed the officials of Qi: “Wuzhi had assassinated his lord, duke Xiang, and taken the throne from him. I did my duty and killed him. Let the officials enthrone the prince who should inherit the throne, and the imperial mandate will then be restored.”

初 ， 襄 公 之 醉 殺 魯 桓 公 ， 通 其 夫 人 ， 殺 誅 數 不 當， 淫 於 婦 人 ， 數 欺 大 臣 ， 群 弟 恐 禍 及 ， 故 次 弟 糾 奔 魯 。其 母 魯 女 也 。 管 仲 、 召 忽 傅 之 。 次 弟 小 白 奔 莒 ， 鮑 叔 傅之 。 小 白 母 ， 衛 女 也 ， 有 寵 於 釐 公 。 小 白 自 少 好 善 大 夫 高 傒 。 及 雍 林 人 殺 無 知 ， 議 立 君 ， 高 、 國 先 陰 召小 白 於 莒 。 魯 聞 無 知 死 ， 亦 發 兵 送 公 子 糾 ， 而 使 管 仲 別將 兵 遮 莒 道 ， 射 中 小 白 帶 鉤 。 小 白 詳 死 ， 管 仲 使 人 馳 報魯 。 魯 送 糾 者 行 益 遲 ， 六 日 至 齊 ， 則 小 白 已 入 ， 高 傒 立之 ， 是 為 桓 公 。
In the past, duke Xiang had assassinated duke Huan of Lu while he was drunk, because he had an affair with his wife, he had had many opponents executed, and had intimate relations with married women. On several occasions, he had cheated his vassals. Therefore, his younger brothers were afraid disaster would strike them, and the oldest of them, Jiu, whose mother was a princess of Lu, fled to Lu. Guan Zhong and Zhao Hu became his tutors. The next brother, Xiaobai, fled to Ju, and had Baoshu as a tutor. His mother was a princess of Han, and the favourite of duke Xi. Since he was young, Xiaobai was under the protection of prefect Gaoxi. When a native of Yongli assassinated Wuzhi, and there were discussions on who should become Lord, Gao and Guo secretly sent someone to fetch Xiaobai in Ju. When the prince of Lu heard that Wuzhi had died, he sent his soldiers escort prince Jiu, and dispatched Guan Zhong, leading another army, cut the route from Ju. Xiaobai was shot by an arrow, which hit his belt buckle. He played dead, and Guan Zhong sent a messenger tell the prince of Lu. The prince of Lu escorted Jiu to Qi, but it was too late: when they arrived, six days later, Xiaobai was already there, Gaoxi had set him on the throne, under the name of Duke Huan.　 　

桓 公 之 中 鉤 ， 詳 死 以 誤 管 仲 ， 已 而 載 溫 車 中 馳 行， 亦 有 高 、 國 內 應 ， 故 得 先 入 立 ， 發 兵 距 魯 。 秋 ， 與 魯 戰 于 乾 時 ， 魯 兵 敗 走 ， 齊 兵 掩 絕 魯 歸 道 。 齊 遺 魯書 曰 ： 「 子 糾 兄 弟 ， 弗 忍 誅 ， 請 魯 自 殺 之 。 召 忽 、 管 仲 讎 也 ， 請 得 而 甘 心 醢 之 。 不 然 ， 將 圍 魯 。 」 魯 人 患 之 ，遂 殺 子 糾 于 笙 瀆 。 召 忽 自 殺 ， 管 仲 請 囚 。 桓 公 之 立 ， 發 兵 攻 魯 ， 心 欲 殺 管 仲 。 鮑 叔 牙 曰 ： 「 臣 幸 得 從 君， 君 竟 以 立 。 君 之 尊 ， 臣 無 以 增 君 。 君 將 治 齊 ， 即 高 傒 與 叔 牙 足 也 。 君 且 欲 霸 王 ， 非 管 夷 吾 不 可 。 夷 吾 所 居 國國 重 ， 不 可 失 也 。 」 於 是 桓 公 從 之 。 乃 詳 為 召 管 仲 欲 甘心 ， 實 欲 用 之 。 管 仲 知 之 ， 故 請 往 。 鮑 叔 牙 迎 受 管 仲 ，及 堂 阜 而 脫 桎 梏 ， 齋 祓 而 見 桓 公 。 桓 公 厚 禮 以 為大 夫 ， 任 政 。
When duke Huan was hit by an arrow on the buckle of his belt, he played dead to fool Guang Zhong. After that, he boarded a light chariot and left at full gallop to meet Gao and Guo, who were waiting for him in the capital. He therefore took the throne first, and sent his troops block those of Lu. In autumn, he battled the armies of Lu in Ganshi. They were defeated, sent fleeing, and the troops of Qi moved to cut their retreat. The prince of Qi then sent the prince of Lu a letter which said: “Zijiu and I are brothers, I would not have him executed, but pray the lord of Lu to have him killed. Zhao Hu and Guan Zhong behaved as enemies, I therefore ask that they are delivered to me, so that I can mince them for my pleasure. Else, I will put the siege on Lu.” The people of Lu were terrorised. They had Zijiu executed in Shengdou, Zhao Hu commited suicide, and Guan Zhong surrendered himself. When duke Huan had taken the throne and sent troops to attack Lu, he personally wanted to have Guan Zhong killed. But Bao Shuya had told him: “I had the honour to serve you and now you have become a prince. But now, I cannot help you achieve a greater fame. Should you only want to rule Qi, Gao Xi and myself are enough. But if you wish to become a hegemon, you will need Guan Yiwu. The kingdom which he will serve will be respected by other states, you cannot afford to lose him.” Duke Huan followed his advice, and therefore pretended to want to get revenge on Guan Zhong, whereas he really wished to use him. Guan Zhong knew this, and surrendered himself. Bao Shuya went to meet Guan Zhong and took him away. As they arrived in Tangfu, he removed his shackles, let him clean himself and sent him meet with duke Huan. The duke treated him as an important guest, made him an official, and entrusted him with his government.　 　

桓 公 既 得 管 仲 ， 與 鮑 叔 、 隰 朋 、 高 傒 修 齊國 政 ， 連 五 家 之 兵 ， 設 輕 重 魚 鹽 之 利 ， 以 贍 貧 窮 ， 祿 賢 能 ， 齊 人 皆 說 。
After he obtained Guan Zhong, duke Huan, together with Bao Shu, Xi Peng and Gao Xi restored the government of Qi. He reorganised the country in a military fashion, in districts and groups of five families. He imposed taxes on currency, salt and fish, to help the poor and rewards the wisest and ablest. The people of Qi were all happy.　 　

二 年 ， 伐 滅 郯 ， 郯 子 奔 莒 。 初 ， 桓 公 亡 時， 過 郯 ， 郯 無 禮 ， 故 伐 之 。
On the second year, he attacked and destroyed Tan. The prince of Tan fled to Ju. Before, when duke Huan had to flee Qi, he had gone to Tan, but its lord did not treat him well, for this reason, he attacked him.　 　

五 年 ， 伐 魯 ， 魯 將 師 敗 。 魯 莊 公 請 獻 遂 邑 以 平 ， 桓 公 許 ， 與 魯 會 柯 而 盟 。 魯 將 盟 ， 曹 沬 以匕 首 劫 桓 公 於 壇 上 ， 曰 ： 「 反 魯 之 侵 地 ！ 」 桓 公許 之 。 已 而 曹 沬 去 匕 首 ， 北 面 就 臣 位 。 桓 公 後 悔 ， 欲 無與 魯 地 而 殺 曹 沬 。 管 仲 曰 ： 「 夫 劫 許 之 而 倍 信 殺 之 ， 愈 一 小 快 耳 ， 而 棄 信 於 諸 侯 ， 失 天 下 之 援 ， 不 可 。」 於 是 遂 與 曹 沬 三 敗 所 亡 地 於 魯 。 諸 侯 聞 之 ， 皆 信 齊 而欲 附 焉 。 七 年 ， 諸 侯 會 桓 公 於 甄 ， 而 桓 公 於 是 始霸 焉 。
On the fifth year, he attacked Lu and defeated it army. Duke Zhuang of Lu offered him the city of Suiyi in eschange for peace. Duke Huan accepted and met the prince of Lu in Ke to sign a treaty. As the prince was about to sign, Cao Mei, holding a dagger, walked towards duke Huan on the mound, saying: “give back to Lu the lands you invaded ! ” Duke Huan had to accept, Cao Mei droped his dagger and, facing north, went back to his place, among the vassals. Afterwards, Duke Huan regret this decision, and intended not to give the territories back to Lu and have Cao Mei executed. Guan Zhong told him: “If you do not hold the promise he forced you to give, and if you kill him, you will have a small satisfaction, but you will lose the trust of other feudal princes, and will have to abandon your imperial ambitions, don’t do it.’ He therefore gave back to Lu the territories Cao Mei had lost after several defeats. When the feudal princes heard of this, they all felt loyal to Qi, and agreed to submit to his prince. During the seventh year, the feudal princes met with duke Huan in Zhen, and duke Huan became hegemon.　 　

十 四 年 ， 陳 厲 公 子 完 ， 號 敬 仲 ， 來 奔 齊 。齊 桓 公 欲 以 為 卿 ， 讓 ； 於 是 以 為 工 正 。 田 成 子 常 之 祖 也 。
On the fourteenth year, Wan, the son of duke Li of Chen, who went by the title of Jingzhong, fled to Qi. Duke Huan wanted to make him a minister, but he refused. He therefore named him head of the craftsmen guild. He is the ancestor of Chang, prince of Tiancheng.　 　

二 十 三 年 ， 山 戎 伐 燕 ， 燕 告 急 於 齊 。 齊 桓公 救 燕 ， 遂 伐 山 戎 ， 至 于 孤 竹 而 還 。 燕 莊 公 遂 送 桓 公 入齊 境 。 桓 公 曰 ： 「 非 天 子 ， 諸 侯 相 送 不 出 境 ， 吾 不 可 以 無 禮 於 燕 。 」 於 是 分 溝 割 燕 君 所 至 與 燕 ， 命 燕 君 復 修 召 公 之 政 ， 納 貢 于 周 ， 如 成 康 之 時 。 諸 侯 聞 之 ， 皆 從 齊 。
On the twenty third year, the Mountain Rong attacked Yan. The Prince of Yan called Qi for help, and duke Huan came to the rescue and attacked the Rong. He reached Guzhu and came back. Duke Zhuang of Yan escorted duke Huan inside the borders of Qi. Duke Huan then said: “I am not the son of Heaven, and feudal princes should not escort each other over their borders. I will not be impolite to the prince of Yan.” He therefore took the territories over which the prince of Yan had escorted him, and offered them to Yan, and ordered the prince of Yan to restore the government principles of duke Zhao and pay tribute to the Zhou, as they did in Chengkang time. When the feudal princes heard of this, every one of them submitted to Qi.　 　

二 十 七 年 ， 魯 湣 公 母 曰 哀 姜 ， 桓 公 女 弟 也 。 哀 姜 淫 於 魯 公 子 慶 父 ， 慶 父 弒 湣 公 ， 哀 姜 欲 立 慶 父 ， 魯 人 更 立 釐 公 。 桓 公 召 哀 姜 ， 殺 之 。
On the twenty seventh year, Aijiang, the mother of duke Min of Lu, a younger sister of duke Huan, had illicit relations with prince Qingfu of Lu, who then assassinated duke Min. Aijiang wanted to set Qingfu on the throne, but the people of Lu chose duke Xi instead. Duke Huan then summoned Aijiang and had her executed.　 　

二 十 八 年 ， 衛 文 公 有 狄 亂 ， 告 急 於 齊 。 齊 率 諸 侯 城 楚 丘 而 立 衛 君 。
On the twenty eighth year, duke Wen of Wei was invaded by the Di. He asked for help from Qi. The prince of Qi led the feudal princes defend Chuqiu, and restored the lord of Wei on his throne.　 　

二 十 九 年 ， 桓 公 與 夫 人 蔡 姬 戲 船 中 。 蔡 姬 習 水 ，蕩 公 ， 公 懼 ， 止 之 ， 不 止 ， 出 船 ， 怒 ， 歸 蔡 姬 ，弗 絕 。 蔡 亦 怒 ， 嫁 其 女 。 桓 公 聞 而 怒 ， 興 師 往 伐 。
On the twenty ninth year, duke Huan and his wife, Ji of Cai, attended a play on a boat. Ji of Cai loved water, and tried to pitch the boat. The duke was afraid and tried to stop her, but she would not. He then stepped out of the boat, in anger, and sent Ji of Cai back home, without divorcing her. The prince of Cai was angered, and married his daughter to someone else. When duke Huan heard of it, he assembled an army to attack Cai.　 　

三 十 年 春 ， 齊 桓 公 率 諸 侯 伐 蔡 ， 蔡 潰 。 遂伐 楚 。 楚 成 王 興 師 問 曰 ： 「 何 故 涉 吾 地 ？ 」 管 仲 對 曰 ：「 昔 召 康 公 命 我 先 君 太 公 曰 ： 『 五 侯 九 伯 ， 若 實 征 之 ，以 夾 輔 周 室 。 』 賜 我 先 君 履 ， 東 至 海 ， 西至 河 ， 南 至 穆 陵 ， 北 至 無 棣 。 楚 貢 包 茅 不 入 ， 王 祭 不 具， 是 以 來 責 。 昭 王 南 征 不 復 ， 是 以 來 問 。 」 楚 王 曰 ： 「 貢 之 不 入 ， 有 之 ， 寡 人 罪 也 ， 敢 不 共 乎 ！昭 王 之 出 不 復 ， 君 其 問 之 水 濱 。 」 齊 師 進 次 于 陘。 夏 ， 楚 王 使 屈 完 將 兵 扞 齊 ， 齊 師 退 次 召 陵 。 桓 公 矜 屈 完 以 其 眾 。 屈 完 曰 ： 「 君 以 道 則 可 ； 若 不， 則 楚 方 城 以 為 城 ， 江 、 漢 以 為 溝 ， 君 安 能 進 乎？ 」 乃 與 屈 完 盟 而 去 。 過 陳 ， 陳 袁 濤 塗 詐 齊 ， 令 出 東 方， 覺 。 秋 ， 齊 伐 陳 。 是 歲 ， 晉 殺 太 子 申 生 。
During the thirtieth year, in spring, duke Huan led the feudal princes attack Cai and defeated it. He then proceed to attack Chu. King Cheng of Chu mustered his troops, and asked him: “why are you invading my kingdom?” Guan Zhong answered: “In the past, duke Zhaokang give duke Tai, the ancestor of my prince, this order: ‘you will lead punitive expedition against other princes and nobles, so that they support and help the House of Zhou.’ For this, he granted him a territory which reached the sea on the east, the Yellow River on the west, Mouling on the south and Wudi on the north. Now, Chu does not pay his tribute in herbs, and does not attend royal sacrifices. We came here to punish you for this. Besides, King Zhao led an expedition south and did not return. We came here to ask you about it.” The King of Chu answered: “Tributes have not been paid, this is a fact, and it is my fault. How dare I not pay it now! As for King Zhao leaving and not coming back, let your lordliness ask the rivers he crossed.” The army of Qi moved forward and encamped in Xing. In summer, the King of Chu sent Quwan, leading an army, repell the soldiers of Qi, who retreated and encamped in Zhaoling. Duke Huan offered Quwan and his troops to join him, but Quwan replied: “You can only achieve this by treating us properly. If you do not, Chu will use Fangcheng as its rampart and the Yangzi and the Han as its moats. How will you move forward, then?” Duke Huan therefore signed a treaty with Quwan and left. As he went through Chen, Yuan Taotu of Chen fooled Qi. He then ordered to leave Chen and crossed its eastern border. Then he realised his error. In autumn, the prince of Qi attacked Chen. That year, the prince of Jin had his crown prince, Shensheng, executed.　 　

三 十 五 年 夏 ， 會 諸 侯 于 葵 丘 。 周 襄 王 使 宰 孔 賜 桓 公 文 武 胙 、 彤 弓 矢 、 大 路 ， 命 無 拜 。 桓 公欲 許 之 ， 管 仲 曰 「 不 可 」 ， 乃 下 拜 受 賜 。 秋 ， 復會 諸 侯 於 葵 丘 ， 益 有 驕 色 。 周 使 宰 孔 會 。 諸 侯 頗 有 叛 者。 晉 侯 病 ， 後 ， 遇 宰 孔 。 宰 孔 曰 ： 「 齊 侯 驕 矣 ，弟 無 行 。 」 從 之 。 是 歲 ， 晉 獻 公 卒 ， 里 克 殺 奚 齊 、 卓 子， 秦 穆 公 以 夫 人 入 公 子 夷 吾 為 晉 君 。 桓 公 於 是 討晉 亂 ， 至 高 梁 ， 使 隰 朋 立 晉 君 ， 還 。
On the thirty fifth year, in summer, he met with the feudal princes in Kuiqiu. King Xiang of Zhou sent Kong, his prime minister, offer duke Huan some of the animals sacrificed to the spirits of Wen and Wu, a bow and red arrows, and a great chariot. He also ordered that the duke should not bow upon receiving these presents. As duke Huan was about to accept, Guan Zhong said: “you cannot”. He therefore bowed and accepted the gifts. In autumn, he again assembled the feudal princes in Kuiqiu, but acted very arrogantly. The emperor sent prime minister Kong to the meeting, and several princes revolted. The marquis of Jin fell ill and left. He then met minister Kong, who told him: “This prince of Qi has become arrogant. Don’t follow him!” He agreed. That year, duke Xian of Jin died, Li Ke assassinated Xi Qi and Zhuo Qi, and duke Mou of Qin, under the influence of his wife, sent prince Yiwu take the throne of Jin. Duke Huan therefore decided to crackdown on the troubles in Jin. He went to Gaoliang, sent Xi Peng put the Lord of Jin on his throne and returned.　 　

是 時 周 室 微 ， 唯 齊 、 楚 、 秦 、 晉 為 彊 。 晉 初 與 會， 獻 公 死 ， 國 內 亂 。 秦 穆 公 辟 遠 ， 不 與 中 國 會 盟。 楚 成 王 初 收 荊 蠻 有 之 ， 夷 狄 自 置 。 唯 獨 齊 為 中 國 會 盟， 而 桓 公 能 宣 其 德 ， 故 諸 侯 賓 會 。 於 是 桓 公 稱 曰 ： 「 寡人 南 伐 至 召 陵 ， 望 熊 山 ； 北 伐 山 戎 、 離 枝 、 孤 竹 ； 西 伐 大 夏 ， 涉 流 沙 ； 束 馬 懸 車 登 太 行 ， 至 卑 耳 山 而 還 。 諸 侯 莫 違 寡 人 。 寡 人 兵 車 之 會 三 ， 乘 車 之 會 六 ， 九 合 諸 侯 ， 一 匡 天 下 。 昔 三 代 受 命 ， 有 何 以 異 於 此 乎 ？ 吾 欲 封 泰 山 ， 禪 梁 父 。 」管 仲 固 諫 ， 不 聽 ； 乃 說 桓 公 以 遠 方 珍 怪 物 至 乃 得 封 ， 桓公 乃 止 。
At this time, the House of Zhou had become weak. Qi, Chu, Qin and Jin were the only strong kingdoms. At first, the prince of Jin had gone to the meetings of feudal princes, but when duke Xian died, his country had internal unrest. Duke Mou of Qin rules a distant kingdom, and did not take part to the meetings and treaties of the central kingdoms. The people of King Cheng of Chu was originally Man of Jing, he was ruling a barbarian kingdom. Only Qi could unite the princes of the central plains. Duke Huan, thanks to his virtue, was their model and submitted all of them. Duke Huan then wrote and edict which said: “I have led expeditions south, to Zhaoling, and have seen mount Xiong. To the north, I chased the mountain Rongs, and reached Lizhi and Guzhu. To the West, I chased the Daxia, and have crossed the shifting sands. I led my chariots to the top of Taihang, and reached mount Bei’er before going back. No feudal prince dare oppose me. I assembled the armies of the feudal princes on three occasions, and met with their princes on six more. Having gathered the feudal princes on nine occasions, I put some order in the Empire. When the founders of the three dynasties of old received their mandate, what else did they accomplish? I therefore wish to sacrifice to spirits on Mount Tai, and to earth in Liangfu.” Guan Zhong criticised him harshly, but the duke would not listen to him. He then told the duke that he had to bring precious and miraculous artefact, from remote countries, to the sacrifice on Mount Tai. Duke Huan therefore abandoned his project.　 　

三 十 八 年 ， 周 襄 王 弟 帶 與 戎 、 翟 合 謀 伐 周 ， 齊 使管 仲 平 戎 於 周 。 周 欲 以 上 卿 禮 管 仲 ， 管 仲 頓 首 曰 ： 「 臣 陪 臣 ， 安 敢 ！ 」 三 讓 ， 乃 受 下 卿 禮 以 見 。 三 十 九 年 ， 周襄 王 弟 帶 來 奔 齊 。 齊 使 仲 孫 請 王 ， 為 帶 謝 。 襄 王 怒 ， 弗聽 。
On the thirty eighth year, the younger brother of king Xiang of Zhou, Dai, allied with the Rong and Di to attack the Zhou. The prince of Qi sent Guan Zhong chase the Rong out of the royal territory. The Emperor wanted to greet Guan Zhong according to the protocol for prime ministers, but Guan Zhong, bowing his head, said: “I am but the vassal of a vassal, how dare I?” He refused on three occasions, then accepted to be treated according to the protocol for lower ministers. On the thirty ninth year, the younger brother of king Xiang of Zhou, Dai, fled to Qi. The duke sent Zhongsun ask the King to forgive Dai, but the King was angered and refused.　 　

四 十 一 年 ， 秦 穆 公 虜 晉 惠 公 ， 復 歸 之 。 是 歲 ， 管仲 、 隰 朋 皆 卒 。 管 仲 病 ， 桓 公 問 曰 ： 「 群 臣 誰 可相 者 ？ 」 管 仲 曰 ： 「 知 臣 莫 如 君 。 」 公 曰 ： 「 易 牙 如 何？ 」 對 曰 ： 「 殺 子 以 適 君 ， 非 人 情 ， 不 可 。 」 公曰 ： 「 開 方 如 何 ？ 」 對 曰 ： 「 倍 親 以 適 君 ， 非 人 情 ， 難近 。 」 公 曰 ： 「 豎 刀 如 何 ？ 」 對 曰 ： 「 自 宮 以 適 君 ， 非 人 情 ， 難 親 。 」 管 仲 死 ， 而 桓 公 不 用 管 仲言 ， 卒 近 用 三 子 ， 三 子 專 權 。
On the forty first year, duke Mou of Qin captured duke Hui of Jin. Then he reease him. On the same year, Guan Zhong and Xi Peng died. As Guan Zhong was ill, duke Huan questioned him : « which of my vassals should I choose as my prime minister?” Guan Zhong answered : “none of them is wise enough for your lordliness. – What do you think of Yiya? – He could kill his son to obey his lord, this is inhuman, you cannot use him. – What about Kaifang ? – He could abandon his family to obey his lord, this is inhuman, he will not be close to the people. – What about Shudao ? – He could accept to be castrated to obey his lord, this is inhuman, he will not be able to love the people.” When Guan Zhong died, duke Huan did not follow his advice and summoned these three wise men to his court. All three abused their power.　 　

四 十 二 年 ， 戎 伐 周 ， 周 告 急 於 齊 ， 齊 令 諸 侯 各 發卒 戍 周 。 是 歲 ， 晉 公 子 重 耳 來 ， 桓 公 妻 之 。
On the forty second year, the Rong attacked Zhou, who called Qi to the rescue. The prince of Qi asked each feudal prince to raise an army to defend Zhou. That year, prince Zhong’er of Jin came to Qi, and duke Huan gave him one of his daughter as a wife.

四 十 三 年 。 初 ， 齊 桓 公 之 夫 人 三 ： 曰 王 姬 、 徐 姬、 蔡 姬 ， 皆 無 子 。 桓 公 好 內 ， 多 內 寵 ， 如 夫 人 者 六 人 ， 長 衛 姬 ， 生 無 詭 ； 少 衛 姬 ， 生 惠 公元 ； 鄭 姬 ， 生 孝 公 昭 ； 葛 嬴 ， 生 昭 公 潘 ； 密 姬 ， 生 懿 公商 人 ； 宋 華 子 ， 生 公 子 雍 。 桓 公 與 管 仲 屬 孝 公 於宋 襄 公 ， 以 為 太 子 。 雍 巫 有 寵 於 衛 共 姬 ， 因 宦 者豎 刀 以 厚 獻 於 桓 公 ， 亦 有 寵 ， 桓 公 許 之 立 無 詭 。 管 仲 卒 ， 五 公 子 皆 求 立 。 冬 十 月 乙 亥 ， 齊 桓 公 卒 。 易 牙入 ， 與 豎 刀 因 內 寵 殺 群 吏 ， 而 立 公 子 無 詭 為 君 。太 子 昭 奔 宋 。
Forty third year. Before, duke Huan of Qi had three first wives, named Dame Wang, Dame Xu and Dame Cai. They had no son. Duke Huan loved women, and had several favourite concubines, six of which were considered as spouses. These were Older Dame Wei, the mother of Wugui, Younger Dame Wei, the mother of Yuan, duke Hui, Dame Zheng, who gave birth to Zhao, duke of Xiao, Geying, who gave birth to Pan, duke of Zhao, Miji, the mother of Shangren, duke Yi and Huazi of Song, who was the mother of prince Yong. Duke Huan and Guan Zhong had entrusted the duke of Xiao to duke Xiang of Song, and had named him the crown prince. Yong Wu preferred the Older Dame Wei, and sent, through the eunuch Shudao, rich presents to duke Huan, in order to get his favours. The duke then accepted to make Wugui the crown prince. When Guan Zhong died, the five princes came to claim the throne. In winter, during the tenth month, on day Yihai, duke Huan of Qi died. Yiya came to the palace and with the help of Shudao, killed a number of officials which the court did not like. Then, they put prince Wugui on the throne, and crown prince Zhao had to flee to Song.　 　

桓 公 病 ， 五 公 子 各 樹 黨 爭 立 。 及 桓 公 卒 ， 遂 相 攻， 以 故 宮 中 空 ， 莫 敢 棺 。 桓 公 尸 在 床 上 六 十 七 日， 尸 蟲 出 于 戶 。 十 二 月 乙 亥 ， 無 詭 立 ， 乃 棺 赴 。 辛 巳 夜， 斂 殯 。
When duke Huan fell ill, each of the five princes created a party to help him conquer the throne. When the duke finally died, these factions fought each other, and emptied the palace. No one dared put the duke in his coffin, his body was left on his bed for sixty seven days, and vermin was creeping out of the door of his room. On the twelfth month, on day Yihai, prince Wugui was enthroned. He put the body if the duke in his coffin, and began the mourning ceremonies. On day Xinsi, at night, he had the dead dressed up in his coffin.　 　

桓 公 十 有 餘 子 ， 要 其 後 立 者 五 人 ： 無 詭 立 三 月 死， 無 謚 ； 次 孝 公 ； 次 昭 公 ； 次 懿 公 ； 次 惠 公 。 孝 公 元 年三 月 ， 宋 襄 公 率 諸 侯 兵 送 齊 太 子 昭 而 伐 齊 。 齊 人 恐 ， 殺其 君 無 詭 。 齊 人 將 立 太 子 昭 ， 四 公 子 之 徒 攻 太 子 ， 太 子走 宋 ， 宋 遂 與 齊 人 四 公 子 戰 。 五 月 ， 宋 敗 齊 四 公 子 師 而立 太 子 昭 ， 是 為 齊 孝 公 。 宋 以 桓 公 與 管 仲 屬 之 太 子 ， 故來 征 之 。 以 亂 故 ， 八 月 乃 葬 齊 桓 公 。
Duke Huan had had more than then sons, five of whom reigned after him. Wugui died after three months on the throne, and no posthumous name was granted to him. After him came duke Xiao, duke Zhao, duke Yi and finally duke Hui. On the third month of the first year of duke Xiao, duke Xiang of Song, leading the armies of the feudal princes, escorted crown prince Zhao to Qi, intending to attack it. The people of Qi were afraid and killed their lord, Wugui. But when the people of Qi were about to enthrone crown prince Zhao, the parties of the four other princes attacked him, and the crown prince had to flee to Song. The prince of Song therefore battled the supporters of the four princes On the fifth month, he defeated their armies, and put crown prince Zhao on the throne, who became duke Xiao of Qi. The prince of Song had intervened militarily because he had been entrusted with the crown prince by duke Huan and Guan Zhong. Because of the troubles in Qi, duke Huan was only buried in the eighth month.　 　

六 年 春 ， 齊 伐 宋 ， 以 其 不 同 盟 于 齊 也 。 夏， 宋 襄 公 卒 。 七 年 ， 晉 文 公 立 。
On the sixth year, in spring, the prince of Qi attacked Song, who had refused to sign a treaty with him. In summer, duke Xiang of Song died. The seventh year, duke Wen of Jin was enthroned.　 　

十 年 ， 孝 公 卒 ， 孝 公 弟 潘 因 衛 公 子 開 方 殺 孝 公 子而 立 潘 ， 是 為 昭 公 。 昭 公 ， 桓 公 子 也 ， 其 母 曰 葛 嬴 。
On the tenth year, duke Xiao died. His younger brother, Fan, sent prince Kaifang of Wei kill the son of duke Xiao, and seized the throne. He became duke Zhao. He was a son of duke Huan, from a mother named Geying.　 　

昭 公 元 年 ， 晉 文 公 敗 楚 於 城 濮 ， 而 會 諸 侯 踐 土 ， 朝 周 ， 天 子 使 晉 稱 伯 。 六 年 ， 翟 侵 齊 。 晉文 公 卒 。 秦 兵 敗 於 殽 。 十 二 年 ， 秦 穆 公 卒 。
On the first year of duke Zhao, duke Wen of Jin defeated Chu in Chengpu, and assembled the feudal princes in Jiantu. He attended an audience at the court of Zhou, and was named hegemon by the son of heaven. On the sixth year, the Di invaded Qi, duke Wen of Jin died, and the army of Qin was defeated in Yao. On the twelfth year, duke Mou of Qin died.　 　

十 九 年 五 月 ， 昭 公 卒 ， 子 舍 立 為 齊 君 。 舍 之 母 無 寵 於 昭 公 ， 國 人 莫 畏 。 昭 公 之 弟 商 人 以 桓 公 死 爭 立 而 不得 ， 陰 交 賢 士 ， 附 愛 百 姓 ， 百 姓 說 。 及 昭 公 卒 ， 子 舍 立， 孤 弱 ， 即 與 眾 十 月 即 墓 上 弒 齊 君 舍 ， 而 商 人 自 立 ， 是為 懿 公 。 懿 公 ， 桓 公 子 也 ， 其 母 曰 密 姬 。
On the fifth month of the nineteenth year, duke Zhao died. His son, She, became the Lord of Qi. His mother was not a favourite of duke Zhao, and no one in the kingdom feared him. The younger brother of duke Zhao, Shangren, had tried without success to conquer the throne since the death of duke Huan. He secretly had assembled a party of wise men and braves and was generous with nobles, who loved him in return. When duke Zhao died, his son She, was still very young. On the tenth month, during the funeral of the duke, Shangren, leading his followers, killed She, the lord of Qi, and claimed the throne for himself. He became duke Yi. He was the son of duke Huan, from a mother named Dame Mi.　 　

懿 公 四 年 春 ， 初 ， 懿 公 為 公 子 時 ， 與 丙 戎 之 父 獵 ， 爭 獲 不 勝 ， 及 即 位 ， 斷 丙 戎 父 足 ， 而 使 丙 戎 僕 。 庸 職 之 妻 好 ， 公 內 之 宮 ， 使 庸 職 驂 乘 。 五 月 ， 懿 公 游 於 申 池 ， 二 人 浴 ， 戲 。 職 曰： 「 斷 足 子 ！ 」 戎 曰 ： 「 奪 妻 者 ！ 」 二 人 俱 病 此 言 ， 乃怨 。 謀 與 公 游 竹 中 ， 二 人 弒 懿 公 車 上 ， 棄 竹 中 而 亡 去 。
When duke Yi was prince, he hunted with the father of Bingrong, but could never do better than him. When he became duke, he had the legs of the father of Bingrong broklen, and made Bingrong one of his drivers. Yong Zhi had a beautiful wife. The duke had her shut inside his palace, and made Yong Zhi the keeper of his chariots. On the spring of the fourth year, during the fifth month, duke Yi went swimming to the pool of Shen. As the two men were bathing, they made jokes at each other. Zhi said: “ lord of the broken foot !”, Rong answered : « sir of the stolen wife ! » Both felt wounded by these words, and were angry. The plotted together, took the duke into a bamboo forest, killed him in his chariot, left him among the trees and fled.　 　

懿 公 之 立 ， 驕 ， 民 不 附 。 齊 人 廢 其 子 而 迎 公 子 元 於 衛 ， 立 之 ， 是 為 惠 公 。 惠 公 ， 桓 公 子 也 。 其 母 衛 女 ，曰 少 衛 姬 ， 避 齊 亂 ， 故 在 衛 。
While he reigned, duke Yi had been arrogant, and the people did not like him. Upon his death, the people of Qi dismissed his son, brought prince Yuan back from Wei, and put him on the throne. He became Duke Hui. He was a son of duke Huan, whose mother, a princess of Wei, was names Young Dame Wei. He had left for Wei during the troubles in Qi.　 　

惠 公 二 年 ， 長 翟 來 ， 王 子 城 父 攻 殺 之 ， 埋 之 於 北 門 。 晉 趙 穿 弒 其 君 靈 公 。
On the second year of duke Hui, the Changyi invaded Qi. Wangzi Chengfu attacked them, killed them, and buried them in front of the northern door of the capital. Zhao Chuan of Jin killed duke Ling, his lord.　 　

十 年 ， 惠 公 卒 ， 子 頃 公 無 野 立 。 初 ， 崔 杼 有 寵 於 惠 公 ， 惠 公 卒 ， 高 、 國 畏 其 偪 也 ， 逐 之 ， 崔 杼 奔衛 。
The tenth year, duke Hui died. His son, Wuye, succeeded him and became duke Qing. Before, Cuizhu was the favourite son of duke Hui. After his death, Gao and Guo, fearing that he would cause troubles, banned him. Cuizhu fled to Wei.　 　

頃 公 元 年 ， 楚 莊 王 彊 ， 伐 陳 ； 二 年 ， 圍 鄭 ， 鄭 伯 降 ， 已 復 國 鄭 伯 。
On the first year of duke Qing, king Zhuang of Chu was strong, he attacked Chen. On the second year, he besieged Zheng. The earl of Zheng submitted to Chu, and therefore could keep his state.　 　

六 年 春 ， 晉 使 郤 克 於 齊 ， 齊 使 夫 人 帷 中 而 觀 之 。郤 克 上 ， 夫 人 笑 之 。 郤 克 曰 ： 「 不 是 報 ， 不 復 涉 河 ！ 」歸 ， 請 伐 齊 ， 晉 侯 弗 許 。 齊 使 至 晉 ， 郤 克 執 齊 使 者 四 人 河 內 ， 殺 之 。 八 年 。 晉 伐 齊 ， 齊 以 公 子 彊 質 晉 ， 晉 兵 去。 十 年 春 ， 齊 伐 魯 、 衛 。 魯 、 衛 大 夫 如 晉 請 師 ， 皆 因 郤克 。 晉 使 郤 克 以 車 八 百 乘 為 中 軍 將 ， 士 燮將 上 軍 ， 欒 書 將 下 軍 ， 以 救 魯 、 衛 ， 伐 齊 。 六 月 壬 申 ，與 齊 侯 兵 合 靡 笄 下 。 癸 酉 ， 陳 于 鞍 。 逄 丑父 為 齊 頃 公 右 。 頃 公 曰 ： 「 馳 之 ， 破 晉 軍 會 食 。」 射 傷 郤 克 ， 流 血 至 履 。 克 欲 還 入 壁 ， 其 御 曰 ： 「 我 始 入 ， 再 傷 ， 不 敢 言 疾 ， 恐 懼 士 卒 ， 願 子 忍 之 。 」 遂 復 戰。 戰 ， 齊 急 ， 丑 父 恐 齊 侯 得 ， 乃 易 處 ， 頃 公 為 右 ， 車 絓 於 木 而 止 。 晉 小 將 韓 厥 伏 齊 侯 車 前 ， 曰 「 寡 君 使 臣 救 魯 、 衛 」 ， 戲 之 。 丑 父 使 頃 公 下 取 飲 ， 因 得亡 ， 脫 去 ， 入 其 軍 。 晉 郤 克 欲 殺 丑 父 。 丑 父 曰 ： 「 代 君 死 而 見 僇 ， 後 人 臣 無 忠 其 君 者 矣 。 」 克 舍 之 ， 丑 父 遂 得亡 歸 齊 。 於 是 晉 軍 追 齊 至 馬 陵 。 齊 侯 請 以 寶 器 謝， 不 聽 ； 必 得 笑 克 者 蕭 桐 叔 子 ， 令 齊 東 畝 。 對 曰 ： 「 叔 子 ， 齊 君 母 。 齊 君 母 亦 猶 晉 君母 ， 子 安 置 之 ？ 且 子 以 義 伐 而 以 暴 為 後 ， 其 可 乎 ？ 」 於是 乃 許 ， 令 反 魯 、 衛 之 侵 地 。
On the sixth year, in spring, the prince of Jin sent Xi Ke as an ambassador to Qi. The prince of Qi sent his wife meet him in his tent. When Xi Ke stood up, his wife laughed at him. He said : “so long I am not avenged, I will not cross the Yellow River again!” He returned home, and asked his prince to attack Qi. However, the marquis of Qi refused. When Qi sent an amabassador to Jin, Xi Ke sent four men capture him in Henei. They killed him. On the eighth year, the prince of Jin attacked Qi. The duke of Qi sent prince Qiang as a hostage in Jin, who retreated his soldiers. On the tenth year, in spring, the duke of Qi attacked Lu and Wei. Following an advice of Xi Ke, officials from Lu and Wei asked the prince of Jin to dispatch troops. The prince ordered Xi Ke, with eight hundred chariots, the lead the main force. Shi Xie led the vanguard and Luan Shu the rearguard. In order to help Lu and Wei, they attacked Qi. On the day Renshen of the sixth month, they met with the soldiers of the prince of Qi in front of Miji. On day Guiyou, they deployed their troops in An. Feng Choufu was leading the right wing of duke Qing of Qi. The duke told him: “hurry up, when the army of Jin is destroyed, you will be rewarded with a fiefdom.” Xi Ke was wounded by an arrow, his blood running on his shoes. As he intended to fall back on his fortifications, the driver of his chariot said: “If we begin the battle retreating, if will be as if you are wounded a second time. Donc speak about your wound, lest you would afraid your soldiers, endure it with dignity.” Therefore, they came back to the battlefield. Some time later, the army of Qi was in trouble. Feng Choufu, fearing that e prince of Qi would be captured, fell back. At that time, duke Qing was on the right of the chariot. His chariot got entangled in a tree and had to stop. Han Jue, an officer of Jin, bowed before the chariot of the prince of Qi, and, making fun of him, said: “my lord sends me rescue Lu and Wei.” During this time, Feng Choufu ordered the duke to get off the chariot and go fetch him some water to drink. The duke therefore escaped, fled, and came back to his camp. Xi Ke of Jin wanted to have Feng Chougu executed but Choufu said : “if you kill me instead of my lord and humiliate me, then future vassals will not be loyal to their lords.” Xi Ke set him free, and Feng Shoufu could leave and return to Qi. The army of Jin chased the prince of Qi, who retreated to Maling. There, he sued for peace, offering rich presents, but Xi Ke would not listen. He insisted that unless the person who laughed at him, prince Xiaotong, was surrendered to him, he would not leave the eastern territory of Qi. The duke of Qi said : “the princess is the mother of the Lord of Qi. She is like the mother of the prince of Jin, how dare you dispose of her? You have attacked us in the name of justice, how can you, now, act in such an unworthy fashion?” Xi Ke had to agree, and ordered that the prince of Qi gave back to Lu and Wei the territories he invaded.　 　

十 一 年 ， 晉 初 置 六 卿 ， 賞 鞍 之 功 。 齊 頃 公 朝 晉 ，欲 尊 王 晉 景 公 ， 晉 景 公 不 敢 受 ， 乃 歸 。 歸 而 頃 公 弛 苑 囿 ， 薄 賦 斂 ， 振 孤 問 疾 ， 虛 積 聚 以 救 民 ， 民 亦 大 說。 厚 禮 諸 侯 。 竟 頃 公 卒 ， 百 姓 附 ， 諸 侯 不 犯 。
On the eleventh year, the prince of Jin created six charges of state minister, to reward those who had won victories in An. Duke Qing of Qi attended the court audiences of Jin, and wanted to pay to duke Jing of Jin the respects due to a king. The duke of Jin refused, and sent him back. On his return, duke Qing opened his hunting preserves and parks, he reduced the taxes and duties, helped the orphans, visited the sick, and spent his treasure to rescue the poor. His people were very happy. He was very generous with the feudal princes. Therefore, until his death, his people was at peace, and other princes did not try to invade.　 　

十 七 年 ， 頃 公 卒 ， 子 靈 公 環 立 。
On the seventeenth year, duke Qing died. His son, Huan, was enthroned, and became duke Ling.

靈 公 九 年 ， 晉 欒 書 弒 其 君 厲 公 。 十 年 ， 晉 悼 公 伐齊 ， 齊 令 公 子 光 質 晉 。 十 九 年 ， 立 子 光 為 太 子 ， 高 厚 傅 之 ， 令 會 諸 侯 盟 於 鍾 離 。 二 十 七 年 ， 晉 使 中 行 獻子 伐 齊 。 齊 師 敗 ， 靈 公 走 入 臨 菑 。 晏 嬰 止 靈 公 ，靈 公 弗 從 。 曰 ： 「 君 亦 無 勇 矣 ！ 」 晉 兵 遂 圍 臨 菑 ， 臨 菑 城 守 不 敢 出 ， 晉 焚 郭 中 而 去 。
On the ninth year of duke Ling, Luan Shu of Jin killed his lord, duke Li. On the tenth year, duke Dao of Jin attacked Qi, who sent prince Guang as a hostage in Jin. On the nineteenth year, the duke named his son, Guang, the crown prince, Gao Hou was his tutor. He assembled the feudal princes and signed a treaty in Zhongli. On the twenty seventh year, the prince of Jin sent Zhongxing, lord of Xian, attack Qi. The army of Qi was defeated, and duke Ling had to flee to Linzi. Yan Ying tried to dissuade duke Ling, but he refused. Yan Ying said: “you lack courage!” The army of Jin then besieged Linzi, but the defenders stayed inside the city wall, and did not try to sortie. The soldiers of Jin finally set fire to the suburbs and left.　 　

二 十 八 年 ， 初 ， 靈 公 取 魯 女 ， 生 子 光 ， 以 為 太 子。 仲 姬 ， 戎 姬 。 戎 姬 嬖 ， 仲 姬 生 子 牙 ， 屬 之 戎 姬 。 戎 姬請 以 為 太 子 ， 公 許 之 。 仲 姬 曰 ： 「 不 可 。 光 之 立 ， 列 於諸 侯 矣 ， 今 無 故 廢 之 ， 君 必 悔 之 。 」 公 曰 ： 「 在 我 耳 。 」 遂 東 太 子 光 ， 使 高 厚 傅 牙 為 太 子 。 靈 公疾 ， 崔 杼 迎 故 太 子 光 而 立 之 ， 是 為 莊 公 。 莊 公 殺 戎 姬 。五 月 壬 辰 ， 靈 公 卒 ， 莊 公 即 位 ， 執 太 子 牙 於 句 竇 之 丘 ，殺 之 。 八 月 ， 崔 杼 殺 高 厚 。 晉 聞 齊 亂 ， 伐 齊 ， 至 高 唐 。
Twenty eight year. In the past, duke Ling had married a princess of Lu. She gave birth to a son, named Guang, who became the crown prince. His other wives were Dame Zhong and Dame Rong. Dame Rong was the favourite, and when dame Zhong give birth to a son named Ya, he was considered a son of dame Rong. She asked that he became the crown prince, and the duke agreed. However, dame Zhong said: “You cannot do this, Guang is the crown prince, and was presented as such to the other feudal princes. If you now depose him without reason, you will live to regret it.” The duke answered: “I will take care of this.” Then he sent Crown Prince Guang on an expedition east, and asked Gao Hou to become the tutor of Ya, so that he could become crown prince. However, when Duke Ling fell ill, Cui Zhu escorted the old crown prince, Guang, back, and put him on the throne, where he became duke Zhuang. He had Dame Rong executed. On day Renchen the fifth month, duke Ling died, and duke Zhuang succeeded him. He had crown prince Ya jailed on the hill of Judou, and killed him. On the eighth month, Cui Zhu had Gao Hou executed. When the prince of Jin heard that troubles had happened in Qi, he attacked it and reached Gaotang.　 　

莊 公 三 年 ， 晉 大 夫 欒 盈 奔 齊 ， 莊 公 厚 客 待之 。 晏 嬰 、 田 文 子 諫 ， 公 弗 聽 。 四 年 ， 齊 莊 公 使 欒 盈 閒 入 晉 曲 沃 為 內 應 ， 以 兵 隨 之 ， 上 太 行 ， 入 孟 門 。欒 盈 敗 ， 齊 兵 還 ， 取 朝 歌 。
On the third year of duke Zhuang, an official of Jin, Luan Yin, fled to Qi. The duke treated him generously, and he became his client. Yan Ying and Tian Wenzi criticised the duke about this, but he would not listen to them. On the fourth year, duke Zhuang of Qi sent Luan Ying, alone, to Quwo, in Jin, in order to support some internal unrest. Troops of Qi followed him. He went up the Taihang and entered the city through the door of Meng. Luan Ying was defeated, and the soldiers of Qi, on their way back, took Chaoge.　 　

六 年 ， 初 ， 棠 公 妻 好 ， 棠 公 死 ， 崔 杼 取 之。 莊 公 通 之 ， 數 如 崔 氏 ， 以 崔 杼 之 冠 賜 人 。 待 者 曰 ： 「不 可 。 」 崔 杼 怒 ， 因 其 伐 晉 ， 欲 與 晉 合 謀 襲 齊 而 不 得 閒。 莊 公 嘗 笞 宦 者 賈 舉 ， 賈 舉 復 侍 ， 為 崔 杼 閒 公 以報 怨 。 五 月 ， 莒 子 朝 齊 ， 齊 以 甲 戌 饗 之 。 崔 杼 稱 病 不 視事 。 乙 亥 ， 公 問 崔 杼 病 ， 遂 從 崔 杼 妻 。 崔 杼 妻 入 室 ， 與崔 杼 自 閉 戶 不 出 ， 公 擁 柱 而 歌 。 宦 者 賈 舉 遮 公 從 官 而 入 ， 閉 門 ， 崔 杼 之 徒 持 兵 從 中 起 。 公 登 臺 而 請 解 ，不 許 ； 請 盟 ， 不 許 ； 請 自 殺 於 廟 ， 不 許 。 皆 曰 ： 「 君 之臣 杼 疾 病 ， 不 能 聽 命 。 近 於 公 宮 。 陪 臣 爭趣 有 淫 者 ， 不 知 二 命 。 」 公 踰 牆 ， 射 中 公股 ， 公 反 墜 ， 遂 弒 之 。 晏 嬰 立 崔 杼 門 外 ， 曰 ： 「君 為 社 稷 死 則 死 之 ， 為 社 稷 亡 則 亡 之 。 若 為 己 死己 亡 ， 非 其 私 暱 ， 誰 敢 任 之 ！ 」 門 開 而 入 ， 枕 公 尸 而 哭 ， 三 踊 而 出 。 人 謂 崔 杼 ： 「 必 殺 之 。 」 崔 杼 曰： 「 民 之 望 也 ， 舍 之 得 民 。 」
The duke of Tang had a beautiful wife. When he died, in the sixth year, Cui Zhu took her as a concubine. When duke Zhuang heard of it, he visited Cui Zhu on several occasions, and then considered giving the title of Cui Zhu to someone else. But one of his followers said: “you cannot do this”. Cui Zhu was then angered and, as Qi had just attacked Jin, tried to plot with the prince of Jin to make a surprise attack against Qi. However, he did not manage to create troubles between the two kingdoms. Some time before, duke Zhuang had had the eunuch Jia Ju beaten. When he came back into the service of the duke, Jia Ju tried to create troubles in the palace, to help Cui Zhu and to get his revenge. On the fifth month, the prince of Ju came to the court audience in Qi. On day Jiaxu, the prince of Qi offered him a banquet. Cui Zhu pretended to be ill and did not come. On day Yihai, the duke visited Cui Zhu, to ask about his illness, and took liberties with his wife. She then entered the house where Cui Zhu was standing, closed the door behind her, and refused to go out. The duke, leaning against a pillar, began to sing. The eunuch Jia Ju prevented the guard of the duke to go in, and closed the door, and men of Cui Zhu, bearing arms, appeared in the middle of the room. The duke climbed to the terrace of the house, and asked to be released, but Cui Zhu refused. He offered to negociate, but was rejected. Then, he demanded that they let him commit suicide inside the main room of the house, but they refused again, and said: “your vassal, Cui Zhu, is very ill, and could not receive your orders. We are close to your palace, but we, the servants of your servant, have been ordered to seize an adulterer. We cannot serve two masters.” As the duke jumped over a wall, he was shot by arrow in the thigh, fell backwards, and was killed. After that, Yan Ying stood outside of the house of Cui Zhu, saying: “If my lord dies because the spirits of the land have decided so, then I shall die with him. If my lord has to flee away, because the spirits have decided so, then I shall also flee. But when he dies or flees because of a personnal affair, who, except his closest servants, will dare serve him?” Cui Zhu then opened the door and let him in. He put his head on the body of the duke and cried, then he saluted three times and left. Some people told Cui Zhu: “you should have him killed.” But he answered: “This is what the people is waiting for. Let him free, and we will have the support of the people.”　 　

丁 丑 ， 崔 杼 立 莊 公 異 母 弟 杵 臼 ， 是 為 景 公。 景 公 母 ， 魯 叔 孫 宣 伯 女 也 。 景 公 立 ， 以 崔 杼 為 右 相 ，慶 封 為 左 相 。 二 相 恐 亂 起 ， 乃 與 國 人 盟 曰 ： 「 不 與 崔 慶者 死 ！ 」 晏 子 仰 天 曰 ： 「 嬰 所 不 （ 獲 ） 唯 忠 於 君 利 社 稷者 是 從 ！ 」 不 肯 盟 。 慶 封 欲 殺 晏 子 ， 崔 杼 曰 ： 「 忠 臣 也， 舍 之 。 」 齊 太 史 書 曰 「 崔 杼 弒 莊 公 」 ， 崔 杼 殺 之 。 其弟 復 書 ， 崔 杼 復 殺 之 。 少 弟 復 書 ， 崔 杼 乃 舍 之 。
On day Dingchou, Cui Zhu put Chujiu, a half-brother of duke Zhuang, on the throne. He became duke Jing. His mother was a daughter of the earl of Xuan, Lu Shuxun. When he arrived on the throne, he named Cui Zhu his right minister, and Qing Feng his left minister. Both were afraid that revolts might happen. Therefore they published an edict for all the people of Qi, which said: “Anybody who will not follow Cui and Qing will be killed!” Yan Ying, looking towards the heavens, said: “I will not obey, for I only follow those who are loyal to their lord, and benefit the spirits of the land!” He refused the edict. Qing Feng wanted to kill him, but Cui Zhu said: “He is a loyal vassal, let him be free.” The historian of Qi had written: “Cui Zhu killed duke Zhuang”. Cui Zhu had him executed. When his younger brother wrote it again, Cui Zhu killed him too. But when their youngest brother wrote it again, Cui Zhu released him.　 　

景 公 元 年 ， 初 ， 崔 杼 生 子 成 及 彊 ， 其 母 死 ， 取 東郭 女 ， 生 明 。 東 郭 女 使 其 前 夫 子 無 咎 與 其 弟 偃 相 崔 氏 。 成 有 罪 ， 二 相 急 治 之 ， 立 明 為 太 子 。 成 請老 於 崔 （ 杼 ） ， 崔 杼 許 之 ， 二 相 弗 聽 ， 曰 ： 「 崔 ， 宗 邑， 不 可 。 」 成 、 彊 怒 ， 告 慶 封 。 慶 封 與 崔杼 有 郤 ， 欲 其 敗 也 。 成 、 彊 殺 無 咎 、 偃 於 崔 杼 家 ， 家 皆 奔 亡 。 崔 杼 怒 ， 無 人 ， 使 一 宦 者 御 ， 見 慶 封 。 慶 封 曰 ：「 請 為 子 誅 之 。 」 使 崔 杼 仇 盧 蒲 嫳 攻 崔 氏 ， 殺 成、 彊 ， 盡 滅 崔 氏 ， 崔 杼 婦 自 殺 。 崔 杼 毋 歸 ， 亦 自殺 。 慶 封 為 相 國 ， 專 權 。
In the past, Cui Zhu had two sons, Cheng and Qiang. When their mother died, he remarried a woman from the eastern boroughs, who gave birth to Ming. On the first year of duke Jing, the second wife had her oldest son Wujiu, and his brother Yan, whom she had from a first marriage, adopted by the Cui family. As Cheng had commited a crime, the two adoptive brothers quickly had him punished, and named Ming the crown prince. Cheng asked to spend his old age in Cui, and Cui Zhu was about to accept, but the two brothers refused, saying: “Cui is the hometown of our clan, we cannot accept this. Cheng and Qiang were angered, and told the story to Qing Feng, who opposed Cui Zhu and wanted to bring him down. Then, Cheng and Qiang killed Wujiu and Yan in the palace of Cui Zhu, and chased all their family. Cui Zhu was angered, but his household was empty. He therefore sent one eunuch of his guard meet Qing Feng, who said: “please allow me to have them executed for you.” He then sent Lu Pupie avenge Cui Zhu and attack the Cui clan. He killed Cheng and Qiang, and utterly destroyed the Cui family. The wife of Cui Zhu committed suicide. Then, Cui Zhu did not come back, and killed himself. Qing Feng therefore became first minister, and seized the government. 　 　

三 年 十 月 ， 慶 封 出 獵 。 初 ， 慶 封 已 殺 崔 杼 ， 益 驕， 嗜 酒 好 獵 ， 不 聽 政 令 。 慶 舍 用 政 ， 已 有 內 郤 。田 文 子 謂 桓 子 曰 ： 「 亂 將 作 。 」 田 、 鮑 、 高 、 欒 氏 相 與謀 慶 氏 。 慶 舍 發 甲 圍 慶 封 宮 ， 四 家 徒 共 擊 破 之 。 慶 封 還， 不 得 入 ， 奔 魯 。 齊 人 讓 魯 ， 封 奔 吳 。 吳 與 之 朱 方 ， 聚其 族 而 居 之 ， 富 於 在 齊 。 其 秋 ， 齊 人 徙 葬 莊 公 ， 僇 崔 杼尸 於 市 以 說 眾 。
After he had killed Cui Zhu, Qing Feng had become arrogant. He had a weakness for wine and loved hunting, and did not care about government and orders. On the tenth month of the third year, he went hunting. Qing She was in charge of the government, and troubles were brewing in the country. Tian Wenzi told Huan Zi: “There will soon be unrest.” Therefore, the Tian, Bao, Gao and Luan clans plotted against the Qing clan. Qing She then sent guards to surround the palace of Qing Feng, but the followers of these four families attacked and defeated them. When Qing Feng came back, he could not enter his house and had to flee to Lu. As the people of Qi wanted him back from Lu, he fled to Wu. The prince of Wu granted him a fief in Zhufang, gave him on of his daughters as a wife, and kept him with him, so that he held the same rank as in Qi. This autumn, the people of Qi buried duke Zhuang. They exhumed the dead body of Cui Zhu, and exposed it on the marketplace to please the populace.

九 年 ， 景 公 使 晏 嬰 之 晉 ， 與 叔 向 私 語 曰 ： 「 齊 政卒 歸 田 氏 。 田 氏 雖 無 大 德 ， 以 公 權 私 ， 有 德 於 民 ， 民 愛之 。 」 十 二 年 ， 景 公 如 晉 ， 見 平 公 ， 欲 與 伐 燕 。 十 八 年， 公 復 如 晉 ， 見 昭 公 。 二 十 六 年 ， 獵 魯 郊 ， 因 入 魯 ， 與晏 嬰 俱 問 魯 禮 。 三 十 一 年 ， 魯 昭 公 辟 季 氏 難 ， 奔 齊 。 齊欲 以 千 社 封 之 ， 子 家 止 昭 公 ， 昭 公 乃 請 齊 伐 魯 ，取 鄆 以 居 昭 公 。
On the ninth year, duke Jing sent Yan Ying to Jin. He met Shu Xiang in private, and told him: “In the end, the Tian Clan will become the rulers of Qi. Even though they are not very virtuous and will use their rule for their own benefit, they treat the people generously, and the people loves them.” On the twelfth year, duke Jin went to Jin, and met with duke Zhao. On the twenty sixth year, as he was hunting on the outskirts of Lu, he went to the capital of Lu, and, together with Yan Ying, enquired about the rites of this kingdom. On the thirty first year, duke Zhao of Lu had to flee to Qi, to escape a rebellion from the Ji clan. The prince of Qi considered giving him a fief of one thousand households, but Zijia talked duke Zhao into refusing. The duke then asked the prince of Qi to attack Lu. He took Yun, and installed duke Zhao there.　 　

三 十 二 年 ， 彗 星 見 。 景 公 坐 柏 寢 ， 嘆 曰 ： 「 堂 堂！ 誰 有 此 乎 ？ 」 群 臣 皆 泣 ， 晏 子 笑 ， 公 怒 。 晏 子曰 ： 「 臣 笑 群 臣 諛 甚 。 」 景 公 曰 ： 「 彗 星 出 東 北 ， 當 齊 分 野 ， 寡 人 以 為 憂 。 」 晏 子 曰 ： 「 君 高 臺 深 池 ， 賦 斂 如 弗 得 ， 刑 罰 恐 弗 勝 ， 茀 星 將 出 ， 彗 星 何 懼乎 ？ 」 公 曰 ： 「 可 禳 否 ？ 」 晏 子 曰 ： 「 使 神 可 祝 而 來 ， 亦 可 禳 而 去 也 。 百 姓 苦 怨 以 萬 數 ， 而 君 令 一 人 禳 之 ， 安 能 勝 眾 口 乎 ？ 」 是 時 景 公 好 治 宮 室 ， 聚 狗 馬 ， 奢侈 ， 厚 賦 重 刑 ， 故 晏 子 以 此 諫 之 。
On the thirty second year, a comet was seen in the sky. As duke Jing was sitting I the Cypress Hall, he sighed and said: “Alas ! Who knows who will inherit all this?” All the vassals shed tears, but Yanzi laughed, which made the duke angry. Yanzi said: “I am laughing because your vassals are such flatterers.” The duke said: “A comet has appeared in the north east, this means that the kingdom of Qi will be divided, I think this is worrisome.” Yanzi answered: “If your ramparts are high and ditches are deep, if the taxes are so light that no one even feels them, if your criminal law is so feared that you do not need to use it, a new star can appear, but why should you fear a comet?”The duke said: “Can I exorcise this?” He answered: “you can invoke spirits by sacrificing to them, you can chase them away by exorcising them. Now, your people is suffering in a million ways, and you hope, by asking one single man to make a sacrifice, to meet all their demands?” At that time, Duke Jing ruled the country at his leisure. He raised dogs and horses, led a wasteful life, had heavy taxes and harsh laws. Therefore, Yan Ying criticised him.　 　

四 十 二 年 ， 吳 王 闔 閭 伐 楚 ， 入 郢 。
On the forty fourth year, King Helu of Wu attacked Chu and entered Ying.　 　

四 十 七 年 ， 魯 陽 虎 攻 其 君 ， 不 勝 ， 奔 齊 ， 請 齊 伐魯 。 鮑 子 諫 景 公 ， 乃 囚 陽 虎 。 陽 虎 得 亡 ， 奔 晉 。
On the forty seventh year, Yang Hu of Lu revolted against his lord. He was defeated and fled to Qi, and asked the duke to attack Lu. The lord of Bao dissuaded duke Jing, who had Yang Hu put in jail. Yang Hu eventually managed to escape and fled to Jin.　 　

四 十 八 年 ， 與 魯 定 公 好 會 夾 谷 。 犁 鉏 曰 ： 「 孔 丘 知 禮 而 怯 ， 請 令 萊 人 為 樂 ， 因 執 魯君 ， 可 得 志 。 」 景 公 害 孔 丘 相 魯 ， 懼 其 霸 ， 故 從 犁 鉏 之計 。 方 會 ， 進 萊 樂 ， 孔 子 歷 階 上 ， 使 有 司 執 萊 人 斬 之 ，以 禮 讓 景 公 。 景 公 慚 ， 乃 歸 魯 侵 地 以 謝 ， 而 罷 去 。 是 歲， 晏 嬰 卒 。
On the forty eight year, he invited duke Ding of Lu to meet him in Jiagu. Li Chu said: “Confucius knows rites, but he is timid. Please order some people of Lai to come and play music, you will then be able to capture the duke of Lu, and do what you want with him.” Duke Qi was unhappy that Confucius was a minister of Lu. He feared that Lu would then become hegemon, so he followed the advice of Li Chu. At the meeting, he had music of Lai played. Confucius took his place on the steps, sent an officer who grabbed the people of Lai and killed them, and gave his place to duke Jing, as per the rites. Duke Jing felt shameful, and gave back to Lu the territories he had taken from it, to apologise. Then he left. That year, Yan Ying died.　 　

五 十 五 年 ， 范 、 中 行 反 其 君 於 晉 ， 晉 攻 之 急 ， 來請 粟 。 田 乞 欲 為 亂 ， 樹 黨 於 逆 臣 ， 說 景 公 曰 ： 「 范 、 中行 數 有 德 於 齊 ， 不 可 不 救 。 」 及 使 乞 救 而 輸 之 粟 。
In the fifty fith year, in Jin, Fan and Zhongxing rebelled against their lord. The prince of Jin defeated them. As they were in a difficult position, they asked for food to the prince of Qi. Tian Qi wished to create troubles in Qi, so he built a conspiracy with other rebel vassals and told duke Jing: “Fan and Zhongxing were always loyal to Qi, you must help them.” The duke then sent Tian Qi to their rescue, and supplied them.

五 十 八 年 夏 ， 景 公 夫 人 燕 姬 適 子 死 。 景 公 寵 妾 芮姬 生 子 荼 ， 荼 少 ， 其 母 賤 ， 無 行 ， 諸 大 夫 恐 其 為 嗣 ， 乃 言 願 擇 諸 子 長 賢 者 為 太 子 。 景 公 老 ， 惡 言 嗣 事 ，又 愛 荼 母 ， 欲 立 之 ， 憚 發 之 口 ， 乃 謂 諸 大 夫 曰 ： 「 為 樂 耳 ， 國 何 患 無 君 乎 ？ 」 秋 ， 景 公 病 ， 命 國 惠 子 、 高 昭 子 立 少 子 荼 為 太 子 ， 逐 群 公 子 ， 遷 之 萊 。 景公 卒 ， 太 子 荼 立 ， 是 為 晏 孺 子 。 冬 ， 未 葬 ， 而 群公 子 畏 誅 ， 皆 出 亡 。 荼 諸 異 母 兄 公 子 壽 、 駒 、 黔 奔 衛 ， 公 子 駔 、 陽 生 奔 魯 。 萊 人 歌 之 曰 ： 「 景 公 死 乎 弗 與 埋 ， 三 軍 事 乎 弗 與 謀 ， 師 乎 師 乎 ， 胡 黨 之 乎 ？ 」
On the fifty eight year, in summer, the oldest son of the first wife of Duke Jing, Dame Yan, died. The favourite of the duke, dame Hui, had give birth to a son named Cha. As Cha was very young, and his mother came from a poor family, he was not qualified to reign. Yet, the officials of Qi feared that the duke would designate him as his successor. Therefore, they advised him to choose the oldest and wisest of his sons and make him the crown prince. Duke Jing was old, and did not like to talk about his successors. Beside, he loved the mother of Cha, and actually wanted to leave the throne to her son, but did not dare speak of it. He then told the officials: “You are just noisemakers, how could our kingdom end with no lord?” In autumn, the duke fell ill. He ordered Guo Huizi and Gao Zhaozi to name his young son Cha crown prince, and to chase the other princes, and banish them to Lai. When duke Jing died, the crown prince Cha was enthroned, and became prince Yanru. In winter, the duke had not been buried. The princes feared that they would be executed, and fled away. The older half brothers of Cha, Shou, Ju and Qian fled to Wei. Princes Zang and Yangshenf fled to Lu. The people of Lai made a song out of it, which said: “Duke Jin has died, and is not in his grave. The three armies have not yet plotted. Armies, armies, where are you?”　 　

晏 孺 子 元 年 春 ， 田 乞 偽 事 高 、 國 者 ， 每 朝 ， 乞 驂 乘 ， 言 曰 ： 「 子 得 君 ， 大 夫 皆 自 危 ， 欲 謀 作 亂 。 」 又 謂諸 大 夫 曰 ： 「 高 昭 子 可 畏 ， 及 未 發 ， 先 之 。 」 大 夫 從 之。 六 月 ， 田 乞 、 鮑 牧 乃 與 大 夫 以 兵 入 公 宮 ， 攻 高 昭 子 。昭 子 聞 之 ， 與 國 惠 子 救 公 。 公 師 敗 ， 田 乞 之 徒 追 之 ， 國惠 子 奔 莒 ， 遂 反 殺 高 昭 子 。 晏 圉 奔 魯 。 八 月 ， 齊秉 意 茲 。 田 乞 敗 二 相 ， 乃 使 人 之 魯 召 公 子 陽 生 。陽 生 至 齊 ， 私 匿 田 乞 家 。 十 月 戊 子 ， 田 乞 請 諸 大 夫 曰 ：「 常 之 母 有 魚 菽 之 祭 ， 幸 來 會 飲 。 」 會 飲 ， 田 乞 盛 陽 生 橐 中 ， 置 坐 中 央 ， 發 橐 出 陽 生 ， 曰 ： 「 此 乃 齊 君矣 ！ 」 大 夫 皆 伏 謁 。 將 與 大 夫 盟 而 立 之 ， 鮑 牧 醉 ， 乞 誣 大 夫 曰 ： 「 吾 與 鮑 牧 謀 共 立 陽 生 。 」 鮑 牧 怒 曰 ： 「 子 忘 景 公 之 命 乎 ？ 」 諸 大 夫 相 視 欲 悔 ， 陽 生 前 ， 頓 首 曰 ： 「可 則 立 之 ， 否 則 已 。 」 鮑 牧 恐 禍 起 ， 乃 復 曰 ： 「 皆 景 公子 也 ， 何 為 不 可 ！ 」 乃 與 盟 ， 立 陽 生 ， 是 為 悼 公 。 悼 公入 宮 ， 使 人 遷 晏 孺 子 於 駘 ， 殺 之 幕 下 ， 而 逐 孺 子母 芮 子 。 芮 子 故 賤 而 孺 子 少 ， 故 無 權 ， 國 人 輕 之 。
On the first year of prince Yanru, in spring, Tian Qi was pretending to serve Gao and Guo. Every time they went to the court, he asked to be the third rider on their chariot. He said to them: “Since you have put our lord on the throne, the high dignitaries fear for themselves, and plot a rebellion.” In the meantime, he told the dignitaries of Qi: “You have good reason to be afraid of Gao Zhaozi. But so long he does not reveal his plans, you should let him go ahead.” The officials followed his advice. In the sixth month, Tian Qi, Bao Mu and the dignitaries sent men in arms to the ducal palace, to attack Gao Zhaozi. When Gao heard of it, he sent Guo Huizi rescue the duke. The soldiers of the duke were defeated, and the partisans of Tian Qi pursued them. Guo Huizi fled to Ju. The insurgents then came back and killed Gao Zhaozi. Yan Yu fled to Lu. On the eight month, Bing Yizi of Qi did the same. Once Tian Qi had defeated the two ministers, he sent one of his men to Lu, to summon prince Yangsheng back. When the prince arrived in Qi, Tian Qi hid him in his house. On day Wuzi of the tenth month, Tian Qi assembled the dignitaries of Qi, saying: “Chang’s mother has prepared a sacrifice of peas and fish, let us gather and drink to her.” They therefore met for a banquet. Tian Qi had put Yangsheng in a bag, in the center of the room. During the banquet, he opened the bag and let Yangsheng out, saying: “Behold the lord of Qi!” The officials bowed and pledged allegiance. Tian Qi wanted them to swear and put the prince on the throne. Bao Mu was drunk, so Tian Qi lied to the officials and said: “Bao Mu and I have plotted to put Yangsheng on the throne.” Bao Mu was angered and said: “Have you forgotten the orders Duke Jing left for us?” The officials were looking at each other, and were beginning to have remorses. Yangsheng then moved forward, bowing his head, and said: “Put me on the throne if you can. If you cannot, stop debating” Bao Mu, afraid that troubles would arise, added: “After all, they all are sons of duke Jing, why would they not reign?” They took an oath, and put Yangsheng on the throne. He became duke Dao. As he moved into the palace, he had prince Yanru banned to Tai, where he had him killed in his house. He also banned the mother of prince Ru, Dame Rui. As she originally was a commoner, and because prince Ru was very young, she held no power, and was forgiven by the people of Qi.　 　

悼 公 元 年 ， 齊 伐 魯 ， 取 讙 、 闡 。 初 ， 陽 生亡 在 魯 ， 季 康 子 以 其 妹 妻 之 。 及 歸 即 位 ， 使 迎 之 。 季 姬與 季 魴 侯 通 ， 言 其 情 ， 魯 弗 敢 與 ， 故 齊 伐 魯 ， 竟迎 季 姬 。 季 姬 嬖 ， 齊 復 歸 魯 侵 地 。
On the first year of duke Dao, Qi attacked Lu, and took Huan and Chan. Some time before, when Yangsheng had fled to Lu, Ji Kangzi had married him to his younger sister. After he came back to Qi and was enthroned, he sent someone to escort her back. However, Lady Ji had had relations with Ji Fanghou, when she told him about her feelings, the prince of Lu did not dare send her to Qi. This is why the prince of Qi attacked Lu, who had to send back dame Ji. However, as dame Ji became the favourite of the prince of Qi, he finally gave back to Lu the territories he had taken.　 　

鮑 子 與 悼 公 有 郤 ， 不 善 。 四 年 ， 吳 、 魯 伐 齊 南 方。 鮑 子 弒 悼 公 ， 赴 于 吳 。 吳 王 夫 差 哭 於 軍 門 外 三 日 ， 將 從 海 入 討 齊 。 齊 人 敗 之 ， 吳 師 乃 去 。 晉 趙 鞅 伐 齊 ， 至 賴而 去 。 齊 人 共 立 悼 公 子 壬 ， 是 為 簡 公 。
Bao Zi had had a conflict with duke Dao, and was not in favour. On the fourth year, Wu and Lu attacked the south of Qi. Bao Zi killed duke Dao and defected to Wu. Fuchi, King of Wu, then spent three days crying, out of his camp, then took to the sea to lead an expedition to punish Qi. They were defeated, and the army of Wu retreated. Zhao Yang of Jin attacked Qi. He reached Lai and returned. The people of Qi agreed to put Ren, the son the duke Dao, on the throne. He became duke Jian.　 　

簡 公 四 年 春 ， 初 ， 簡 公 與 父 陽 生 俱 在 魯 也 ， 監 止有 寵 焉 。 及 即 位 ， 使 為 政 。 田 成 子 憚 之 ， 驟 顧 於朝 。 御 鞅 言 簡 公 曰 ： 「 田 、 監 不 可 並 也 ，君 其 擇 焉 。 」 弗 聽 。 子 我 夕 ， 田 逆 殺 人 ，逢 之 ， 遂 捕 以 入 。 田 氏 方 睦 ， 使 囚 病 而 遺 守 囚 者 酒 ， 醉 而 殺 守 者 ， 得 亡 。 子 我 盟 諸田 於 陳 宗 。 初 ， 田 豹 欲 為 子 我 臣 ， 使 公 孫 言 豹 ， 豹 有 喪 而 止 。 後 卒 以 為 臣 ， 幸 於 子 我 。 子 我 謂 曰 ： 「 吾 盡 逐 田 氏 而 立 女 ， 可 乎 ？」 對 曰 ： 「 我 遠 田 氏 矣 。 且 其 違 者 不 過 數 人 ， 何 盡 逐 焉 ！ 」 遂 告 田 氏 。 子 行 曰 ： 「 彼 得 君 ，弗 先 ， 必 禍 子 。 」 子 行 舍 於 公 宮 。
When duke Jian and his father, Yangsheng, lived together in Lu, Yan Zhi had been very helpful to them. As he became duke, he put him in charge of government. Tian Chengzi feared him. During the court audiences, he turned his head away when he passed him. On the fourth year of the reign of duke Jian, in spring, Yu Yanf told duke Jian: “Tian and Yan cannot get along, you should choose one of them.” The duke did not listen to him. One days, as Ziwo was going to the evening audience, he met Tian Ni, who had commited a crime, grabbed him and dragged him to the court. The Tian Clan kept their calm. They sent a person to the prison, pretending that Ni was ill, and brought alcohol to the guardian. When he was drunk, Tian Ni killed the guardian and escaped. Ziwo made an alliance with the Tian of the Chen family. In the beginning, Tian Bao wanted to join with Ziwo. Ziwo therefore sent Gongsun talk to him, but he was mourning, and could not meet him. Finally, he accepted to serve Ziwo, and rallied with him. Ziwo then said: “If I eliminated all the older members of the Tian family and made you the head of it, would you accept?” He answered: “I am but a distant parent of the Tian. Besides, only a small number of them do not obey you. Why would you chase them all?” He then warned the Tian clan. Zixing said: “Ziwo is close to the lord, if you do not push yourself forward, you will get into trouble.” Zixing then had himself employed in the palace.　 　

夏 五 月 壬 申 ， 成 子 兄 弟 四 乘 如 公 。 子 我 在 幄 ， 出 迎 之 ， 遂 入 ， 閉 門 。 宦 者 禦 之 ， 子 行 殺 宦 者 。 公 與 婦 人 飲 酒 於 檀 臺 ， 成 子 遷 諸 寢 。 公 執 戈 將 擊 之 ， 太 史 子 餘 曰 ： 「 非 不 利 也 ， 將 除 害 也 。 」 成 子 出 舍 于 庫 ， 聞 公 猶 怒 ， 將 出 ， 曰 ： 「 何 所無 君 ！ 」 子 行 拔 劍 曰 ： 「 需 ， 事 之 賊 也 。 誰 非田 宗 ？ 所 不 殺 子 者 有 如 田 宗 。 」 乃 止。 子 我 歸 ， 屬 徒 攻 闈 與 大 門 ， 皆 弗 勝， 乃 出 。 田 氏 追 之 。 豐 丘 人 執 子 我 以 告 ， 殺 之郭 關 。 成 子 將 殺 大 陸 子 方 ， 田 逆 請 而免 之 。 以 公 命 取 車 於 道 ， 出 雍 門 。 田 豹 與 之 車 ， 弗 受 ， 曰 ： 「 逆 為 余 請 ， 豹 與 余 車 ， 余 有 私焉 。 事 子 我 而 有 私 於 其 讎 ， 何 以 見 魯 、 衛 之 士 ？ 」
In summer, during the fifth month, the brothers of Cheng Zi, riding four carriages, went to the palace. Ziwo was then standing next to the throne. When he stepped down to meet them, they entered and closed the door behing them. The eunuchs tried to repell them, but Zixing killed them. The duke and his wife were drinking in the pavilion Tan. Chengzi chased those who were in the apartments. The duke grabbed a halberd and tried to his Chengzi. His astrologer, Ziyu, said: “all this will turn a good thing for you, and you will avoid harm.” Chengzi had left the apartment of the duke. He was in the State Depots when he heard that the duke was angered, and wanted to leave. He said: “Shall we be without a lord?” Zixing drew his sword and said: “If we hesitate, we will ruin our enterprise. Who does not belong to the Tian Clan? Those I will not kill will certain belong to it.” He then stopped. When Ziwo came back, his men attacked the large gates and small doors, but did not achieve anything and had to flee. The Tian family pursued them. A native of Fengqiu betrayed Ziwo, who was killed in the mountain pass of Guo. Chengzi wanted to kill Fang, the lord of Dalu. Tian Ni intervened and had him freed. He had the duke order to give him a chariot, and let him leave through the Yong door. As Tian Bao gave him the chariot, Fang refused, saying: “If Tian Ni had intervened for me, and Tian Bao has given me a chariot, it means that I am intimate with them. I have served Ziwo, yet I receive such favours from him enemies, how dare I meet with officers in Lu or Wei?”　 　

庚 辰 ， 田 常 執 簡 公 于  州 。 公 曰 ： 「 余 蚤從 御 鞅 言 ， 不 及 此 。 」 甲 午 ， 田 常 弒 簡 公 于  州 。 田 常乃 立 簡 公 弟 驁 ， 是 為 平 公 。 平 公 即 位 ， 田 常 相 之， 專 齊 之 政 ， 割 齊 安 平 以 東 為 田 氏 封 邑 。
On day Gengchen, Tian Chang jailed duke Jian in Xuzhou. The duke said: “I should have, long ago, listened to Yuyang. I did not, and here is the result.” On day Jiawu, Tian Chang had duke Jian executed in Xuzhou, and put the younger brother of the duke, Ao, on the throne. He became duke Ping. When duke Ping was enthroned, Tian Chang became first minister, and took over all the government of Qi. He took all the territories east of Anping, and gave it as a fief to the Qi clan.　 　

平 公 八 年 ， 越 滅 吳 。 二 十 五 年 卒 ， 子 宣 公 積 立 。
On the eighth year of duke Ping, the prince of Yue destroyed the kingdom of Wu. On the twenty fifth year, the duke died. His son, Ji, succeeded him and became duke Xuan.　 　

宣 公 五 十 一 年 卒 ， 子 康 公 貸 立 。 田 會 反 廩 丘 。
Duke Xuan died in the fifty first year of his reign. His son, Dai, succeeded him and became duke Kang. Tian Hui rebelled in Linqiu.　 　

康 公 二 年 ， 韓 、 魏 、 趙 始 列 為 諸 侯 。 十 九 年 ， 田常 曾 孫 田 和 始 為 諸 侯 ， 遷 康 公 海 濱 。
On the second year of duke Kang, the lords of Han, Wei and Zhao were considered as feudal princes for the first time. On the nineteenth year, the great grandson of Tian Chang, Tian He, became a feudal prince. He banned duke Kang to the shores of the sea.　 　

二 十 六 年 ， 康 公 卒 ， 呂 氏 遂 絕 其 祀 。 田 氏 卒 有 齊國 ， 為 齊 威 王 ， 彊 於 天 下 。
On the twenty sixth year, duke Kang died. The Lü clan ended its sacrifices to the ancestors, and the kingdom of Qi finally belonged to the Tian clan. His leader became King Wei, whose might would became famous in the world.　 　

太 史 公 曰 ： 吾 適 齊 ， 自 泰 山 屬 之 琅 邪 ， 北 被 于 海， 膏 壤 二 千 里 ， 其 民 闊 達 多 匿 知 ， 其 天 性 也 。 以 太 公 之聖 ， 建 國 本 ， 桓 公 之 盛 ， 修 善 政 ， 以 為 諸 侯 會 盟 ， 稱 伯， 不 亦 宜 乎 ？ 洋 洋 哉 ， 固 大 國 之 風 也 ！
Commentary by Sima Qian
I visited Qi. From Mount Tai to Lanxie, and to the sea in the north, lie two thousand leagues of fertile land. The people there are scarce, and do not boast their knowledge. This is their nature. This kingdom has his roots in the wisdom of duke Tai. When duke Huan flourished, it became a model of government, and therefore could unite the feudal princes and be their leader. Wasn’t this well deserved? Qi is a great kingdom indeed!