Shiji 36 - Houses of Chen and Qy

史記卷三十六·陳杞世家第六
Shiji – Chapter thirty six – Sixth lineage – Chen and Qy

陳胡公滿者，虞帝舜之后也。昔舜為庶人時，堯妻之二女，居于媯汭，其后因為氏姓，姓媯氏。舜已崩，傳禹天下，而舜子商均為封國。夏后之時，或失或續。至于周武王克殷紂，乃復求舜后，得媯滿，封之於陳，以奉帝舜祀，是為胡公。
Man, the duke Hu of Chen, was a descendent of Emperor Yushun. In the past, when Shun was a commoner, Yao gave him his two daughters in marriage, and had him settled in Guirui. His descendents assumed this as their clan and branch name, and took the surname of Gui. After Shun died, the empire was passed to Yu, and the son of Shun, Shangjun, received a state as his fiefdom. In the time of the Xia emperors, some of his descendents lost the fiefdom, and others restored it. When finally king Wu of Zhou prevailed over Zhou of Yin, he searched again for descendents of Shun, and found Gui Man, whom he enfeoffed in Chen, so that he continues sacrifices to emperor Shun. He was known as duke Hu.

胡公卒，子申公犀侯立。申公卒，弟相公皋羊立。相公卒，立申公子突，是為孝公。孝公卒，子慎公圉戎立。慎公當周厲王時。慎公卒，子幽公寧立。
When duke Hu died, his son, Xihou, was crowned as duke Shen. When duke Shen died, his brother, Gaoyang, was crowned as duke Xiang. When duke Xiang died, the son of duke Shen, Tu was crowned, and became duke Xiao. When duke Xiao died, his son, Yurong, was crowned as duke Shen. Duke Shen lived in the time of king Li of Zhou. When duke Shen died, his son, Ning, was crowned as duke You.

幽公十二年，周厲王奔于彘。
In the twelfth year of duke You, king Li of Zhou fled to Zhi.

二十三年，幽公卒，子釐公孝立。釐公六年，周宣王即位。三十六年，釐公卒，子武公靈立。武公十五年卒，子夷公說立。是歲，周幽王即位。夷公三年卒，弟平公燮立。平公七年，周幽王為犬戎所殺，周東徙。秦始列為諸侯。
In the twenty third year, duke You died. His son, Xiao, was crowned as duke Li. In the sixth year of duke Li, king Xuan of Zhou was enthroned. In the thirty sixth year, duke Li died, and his son, Lin, was crowned as duke Wu. When duke Wu died, in the fifth year of his reign, his son, Shuo, was crowned as duke Yi. The year, king You of Zhou was enthroned. Duke Yi died in the third year of his reign. His younger brother, Xie, was crowned as duke Ping. In the seventh year of duke Ping, king You of Zhou was killed by the Quanrong, and the Zhou capital was moved eastwards. Qin became a feudal prince for the first time.

二十三年，平公卒，子文公圉立。
In the twenty third year, duke Ping died. His son, Yu, was crowned as duke Wen.

文公元年，取蔡女，生子佗。十年，文公卒，長子桓公鮑立。
In the first year of his reign, duke Wen took a wife from Cai. She gave birth to a son named Tuo. In the tenth year, duke Wen died. His oldest son, Bao, was crowned as duke Huan.

桓公二十三年，魯隱公初立。二十六年，衛殺其君州吁。三十三年，魯弒其君隱公。
In the twenty third year of duke Huan, duke Yin of Lu was enthroned. In the twenty sixth year, the people of Wei killed their lord, Zhouxu. In the thirty third year, the people of Lu killed their lord, duke Yin.

三十八年正月甲戌己丑，桓公鮑卒。桓公弟佗，其母蔡女，故蔡人為佗殺五父及桓公太子免而立佗，是為厲公。桓公病而亂作，國人分散，故再赴。
On day Jiaxu and Jichou of the first month of the thirty eighth year, duke Huan, Bao, died. His younger brother, Tou, was the son of a princess of Cai. For this reason, people of Cai, on behalf of Tuo, killed Wufu and the crown prince of duke Huan, Mian, and crowned Tuo as duke Li. While duke Huan was ill, there were troubles in the country, and the people were scattered. This is why his death was announced twice.

厲公二年，生子敬仲完。周太史過陳，陳厲公使以周易筮之，卦得觀之否：「是為觀國之光，利用賓于王。此其代陳有國乎？不在此，其在異國？非此其身，在其子孫。若在異國，必姜姓。姜姓，太岳之后。物莫能兩大，陳衰，此其昌乎？」
In the second year of duke Li, he had a son, named Jing Zhongwan. As the great astrologer of Zhou passed through Chen, duke Li of Chen asked him to make divination from the Zhou Yi. He obtained the sign Guan, turning into Fou, and said: "Behold the brightness of the state, which takes his pride in serving the king as a client. Will he succeed the lord of Chen and get the state? If he does not, will he rule over another state? This is not about this person, but about his descendents. Should they be abroad, they must be in the Jiang clan. The Jiang clan are the descendents of Dayue. Nothing can be twice at its best. When Chen become weak, will it be its greatest moment?"

厲公取蔡女，蔡女與蔡人亂，厲公數如蔡淫。七年，厲公所殺桓公太子免之三弟，長曰躍，中曰林，少曰杵臼，共令蔡人誘厲公以好女，與蔡人共殺厲公而立躍，是為利公。利公者，桓公子也。利公立五月卒，立中弟林，是為莊公。莊公七年卒，少弟杵臼立，是為宣公。
Duke Li had taken a princess of Cai for his wife. The princess of Cai and people of Cai were dissolute, and duke Li often joined the people of Cai in debauchery. In the seventh year, Mian, the crown prince of duke Huan which duke Li had killed, had three brothers. The oldest was named Yue, the second Lin, and the youngest Chujiu. Together, they ordered people of Cai to lure duke Li with beautiful women, and, with them, killed duke Li and crowned Yue, who became duke Li. Duke Li was a son of duke Huan. When Duke Li died, after five months of reign, his younger brother, Lin was crowned as duke Zhuang. Duke Zhuang died in the seventh year of his reign, and his youngest brother, Chujiu, was crowned as duke Xuan.

宣公三年，楚武王卒，楚始彊。十七年，周惠王娶陳女為后。
The third year of duke Xuan, king Wu of Chu died, and Chu began to be strong. In the seventeenth year, king Hui of Zhou took a wife from Chen, and made her queen.

二十一年，宣公後有嬖姬生子款，欲立之，乃殺其太子御寇。御寇素愛厲公子完，完懼禍及己，乃奔齊。齊桓公欲使陳完為卿，完曰：「羈旅之臣，幸得免負檐，君之惠也，不敢當高位。」桓公使為工正。齊懿仲欲妻陳敬仲，卜之，占曰：「是謂鳳皇于飛，和鳴鏘鏘。有媯之后，將育于姜。五世其昌，并于正卿。八世之后，莫之與京。」
In the twenty first year, a low rank spouse of duke Xuan finally had a son named Kuan. The duke wanted to put him on the throne, so he had the crown prince, Yukou, killed. As Yukou was a close friend of Wan, the son of duke Li, Wan feared that harm would come his way, and fled to Qi. As duke Huan of Qi intended to make Wan of Chen a minister, Wan said: "Your servant is but an exile from a foreign state. He was fortunate to escape from his burden, thanks to your lordship's kindness, but would not dare hold any high charge." Duke Huan than made him head of the craftsmen. Yizhong of Qi wanted to marry Jingzhong of Chen. He had divination done and the omen said: "this is called male and female phoenix fly together, and unite while singing loudly. The descendents of Yougui will soon grow in Jiang. After five generations, they will be prosperous, and become united with true ministers. After eight generations, they will plot with the greatest."

三十七年，齊桓公伐蔡，蔡敗；南侵楚，至召陵，還過陳。陳大夫轅濤涂惡其過陳，詐齊令出東道。東道惡，桓公怒，執陳轅濤涂。是歲，晉獻公殺其太子申生。
In the thirty seventh year, duke Huan of Qi attacked Cai, which was defeated. Then, he marched south to invade Chu, reached Zhaoling, and returned through Chen. A dignitary of Chen, Yuan Taotu, was unhappy at their crossing of Chen, so he fooled Qi into going away through the eastern road. The eastern road was bad, duke Huan was angered, and arrested Yuan Taotu of Chen. That year, Duke Xian of Jin killed his crown prince, Shensheng.

四十五年，宣公卒，子款立，是為穆公。穆公五年，齊桓公卒。十六年，晉文公敗楚師于城濮。是歲，穆公卒，子共公朔立。共公六年，楚太子商臣弒其父成王代立，是為穆王。十一年，秦穆公卒。十八年，共公卒，子靈公平國立。
In the forty fifth year, duke Xuan died. His son, Kuan, was crowned as duke Mu. In the fifth year of duke Mu, duke Huan of Qi died. In the sixteenth year, duke Wen of Jin defeated the army of Chu in Chengpu. That year, duke Mu died. His son, duke Gong, Shuo, was crowned. In the sixth year of duke Gong, the crown prince of Chu, Shengchen, killed his father, king Cheng, and took his throne, becoming king Mu. In the eleventh year, duke Mu of Qin died. In the eighteenth year, duke Gong died. His son, duke Ling, Pingguo, was crowned.

靈公元年，楚莊王即位。六年，楚伐陳。十年，陳及楚平。
In the first year of duke Ling, king Zhuang of Chu was enthroned. In the sixth year, Chu attacked Chen. In the tenth year, Chen made peace with Chu.

十四年，靈公與其大夫孔寧、儀行父皆通於夏姬，衷其衣以戲於朝。泄冶諫曰：「君臣淫亂，民何效焉？」靈公以告二子，二子請殺泄冶，公弗禁，遂殺泄冶。十五年，靈公與二子飲於夏氏。公戲二子曰：「徵舒似汝。」二子曰：「亦似公。」徵舒怒。靈公罷酒出，徵舒伏弩廏門射殺靈公。孔寧、儀行父皆奔楚，靈公太子午奔晉。徵舒自立為陳侯。徵舒，故陳大夫也。夏姬，御叔之妻，舒之母也。
In the fourteenth year, duke Ling, together with his dignitaries Kong Ning and Yi Xiangfu, had relations with lady Xia, and his her clothes to make fun of her in the palace. Xie Ye blamed the lord, saying: "If lords and vassals are debauched and corrupt, how could the people not be the same as them?" When Duke Ling told the two men of this, they demanded that Xie Ye be executed. The duke did not forbid them, therefore, they had Xie Ye killed. In the fifteenth year, as duke Ling was drinking with the two men in the palace of dame Xia, he made a joke at them, saying: "Zheng Shu looks like you." They replied : "no, he looks likes your majesty." This angered Zheng Shu. When duke Ling stopped drinking and returned home, Zheng Shu hid with a crossbow at the door of the stables, and shot and killed duke Ling. Kong Ning and Yi Xingfu fled to Chu, and the crown prince of duke Link, Wu, fled to Jin. Zheng Shu proclaimed himself marquis of Chen. Zheng Shu was originally a dignitary of Chen. Lady Xia was the wife of Yushu, and the mother of Zhengshu.

成公元年冬，楚莊王為夏徵舒殺靈公，率諸侯伐陳。謂陳曰：「無驚，吾誅徵舒而已。」已誅徵舒，因縣陳而有之，群臣畢賀。申叔時使於齊來還，獨不賀。莊王問其故，對曰：「鄙語有之，牽牛徑人田，田主奪之牛。徑則有罪矣，奪之牛，不亦甚乎？今王以徵舒為賊弒君，故徵兵諸侯，以義伐之，已而取之，以利其地，則后何以令於天下！是以不賀。」莊王曰：「善。」乃迎陳靈公太子午於晉而立之，復君陳如故，是為成公。孔子讀史記至楚復陳，曰：「賢哉楚莊王！輕千乘之國而重一言。」
In the first year of duke Cheng, in winter, king Zhuang of Chu, on behalf of Zhengshu of Xia, killed duke Ling, and led the feudal prince attacked Chen. He told the lord of Chen: "Don't be afraid. I will just execute Zheng Shu." But after he had Zheng Shu killed, he made Chen a district and annexed it, and all his vassals congratulated him. At that time, Shen Shu came back from an embassy in Qi. Alone, he did not congratulate. As King Zhuang asked why, he replied: "There is this story in the countryside. A herd of cattle stepped over the fields of someone, and the owner of the field snatched the oxen. Now, trespassing is indeed a crime, but taking the oxen, isn't it much more serious? Now, you majesty, because Zheng Shu rebelled and killed his lord, has summoned the troops of the feudal princes in order to serve justice by attacking him. But after, you have taken his state away, in order to benefit from his territory, is this a way to rule over the empire? This is the reason why I did not congratulate." King Zhuang said: "Right." Then, he went to greet the crown prince of duke Ling of Chen, Wu, in Jin, and crowned him, restoring him as lord of Chen, as before. He became dule Cheng. When Confucius read the historical records, at the passage where Chu restores Chen, he said: "King Zhuang of Chu was wise! He gave less important to a state of one thousand chariots than to a single sentence."

[二十］八年，楚莊王卒。二十九年，陳倍楚盟。三十年，楚共王伐陳。是歲，成公卒，子哀公弱立。楚以陳喪，罷兵去。
In the (twenty) eighth year, king Zhuang of Chu died. In the twenty ninth year, Chen betrayed its alliance with Chu. In the thirtieth year, king Gong of Chu attacked Chen. That year, duke Cheng died, and his son, Ruo, was crowned as duke Ai. Because of the funeral in Chen, the prince of Chu took his soldiers and returned home.

哀公三年，楚圍陳，復釋之。二十八年，楚公子圍弒其君郟敖自立，為靈王。
In the third year of duke Ai, Chu besieged the capital of Chen, and then broke the siege. In the twenty eighth year, prince Wei of Chu killed his lord, Jia Ao, and claimed the throne for himself, becoming king Ling.

三十四年，初，哀公娶鄭，長姬生悼太子師，少姬生偃。二嬖妾，長妾生留，少妾生勝。留有寵哀公，哀公屬之其弟司徒招。哀公病，三月，招殺悼太子，立留為太子。哀公怒，欲誅招，招發兵圍守哀公，哀公自經殺。招卒立留為陳君。四月，陳使使赴楚。楚靈王聞陳亂，乃殺陳使者，使公子棄疾發兵伐陳，陳君留奔鄭。九月，楚圍陳。十一月，滅陳。使棄疾為陳公。
In the thirty fourth year, in the past, duke Ai had taken a wife in Zheng. His first spouse had given birth to crown prince Dao, Shi. His second spouse to Yan. He also had two concubines. The first concubine had given birth to Liu, and the second one to Sheng. Liu was the favourite of duke Ai, who had entrusted him to his brother, the minister of instruction Zhao. When duke Ai fell ill, in the third month, Zhao killed crown prince Dao, and promoted Liu as the crown prince. Duke Ai was angered, and intended to have Zhao executed. But Zhao sent troops to encircle the residence of duke Ai, who cut his throat and died. Zhao finally crowned Liu as the lord of Chen. In the fourth month, Chen sent a messenger announce the death of his lord in Chu. King Ling of Chu had heard that there were troubles in Chen, so he had the messenger of Chen executed, and sent prince Qiji lead troops attack Chen. The lord of Chen, Liu, fled to Chen. In the ninth month, Chu besieged the capital of Chen. In the eleventh month, Chu destroyed Chen, and installed Qiji as duke of Chen.

招之殺悼太子也，太子之子名吳，出奔晉。晉平公問太史趙曰：「陳遂亡乎？」對曰：「陳，顓頊之族。陳氏得政於齊，乃卒亡。自幕至于瞽瞍，無違命。舜重之以明德。至於遂，世世守之。及胡公，周賜之姓，使祀虞帝。且盛德之后，必百世祀。虞之世未也，其在齊乎？」
When Zhao had killed crown prince Dao, the crown prince had a son named Wu, who left the country and fled to Jin. Duke Ping of Jin asked his great astrologer, Zhao : « Will Chen be destroyed ? » He answered; "Chen belongs to the clan of Zhuanxu. The house of Chen will handle government matters in Qi, and will be finally destroyed. For Mu to Gusou, the mandate of heaven never ceased. Shun made it stronger because of his clear virtue. And after Sui, generations after generations kept it. In the time of duke Hu, the kings of Zhou gave them a clans name, and ordered them to continue the sacrifices to emperor Yu. And because they had great virtue, these sacrifice will continue over one hundred generations. Should the descendents of Yu disappeared, wouldn't others be found in Qi?"

楚靈王滅陳五歲，楚公子棄疾弒靈王代立，是為平王。平王初立，欲得和諸侯，乃求故陳悼太子師之子吳，立為陳侯，是為惠公。惠公立，探續哀公卒時年而為元，空籍五歲矣。
Five years after king Ling of Chu destroyed Chen, prince Qiji of Chu killed his lord, king Ling, and ruled in his place, becoming king Ping. As king Ping was crowned, he intended to make peace with the feudal prince, and thus summoned Wu, the son of the former crown prince of duke Dao of Chen, Shi, and made him marquis of Chen, under the name of duke Hui. When duke Hui was crowned, they continued from the date when duke Ai had died, which became the first year. Five empty years were thus added.

十年，陳火。十五年，吳王僚使公子光伐陳，取胡、沈而去。二十八年，吳王闔閭與子胥敗楚入郢。是年，惠公卒，子懷公柳立。
In the tenth year, there was a fire in Chen. In the fifteenth year, king Liao of Wu sent prince Guang attack Chen. He took Hu and Sheng, and left. In the twenty eighth year, the King of Wu, Helü, and Wu Zixu defeated Chu and entered Ying. That year, duke Hui died. His son, duke Huai, Liu, was crowned.

懷公元年，吳破楚，在郢，召陳侯。陳侯欲往，大夫曰：「吳新得意；楚王雖亡，與陳有故，不可倍。」懷公乃以疾謝吳。四年，吳復召懷公。懷公恐，如吳。吳怒其前不往，留之，因卒吳。陳乃立懷公之子越，是為湣公。
In the first year of duke Huai, Wu defeated Chu, occupied Ying, and summoned the marquis of Chen. As the marquis of Chen intended to go, his minister said: "Wu has just succeeded. The king of Chu, even though he is defeated, is an old ally of Chen, you cannot betray him." Duke Huai thus pretended to be ill, and refused the invitation of Wu. In the fourth year, Wu summone duke Huai again. Duke Huai was afraid, and went to Wu. The king of Wu, angry that he had not come the previous time, kept him a prisoner, and he finally died in Wu. Chen therefore crowned the song of duke Huai, Yue, who became duke Min.

湣公六年，孔子適陳。吳王夫差伐陳，取三邑而去。十三年，吳復來伐陳，陳告急楚，楚昭王來救，軍於城父，吳師去。是年，楚昭王卒於城父。時孔子在陳。十五年，宋滅曹。十六年，吳王夫差伐齊，敗之艾陵，使人召陳侯。陳侯恐，如吳。楚伐陳。二十一年，齊田常弒其君簡公。二十三年，楚之白公勝殺令尹子西、子綦，襲惠王。葉公攻敗白公，白公自殺。
In the sixth year of duke Min, Confucius went to Chen. The king of Wu, Fuchai, attacked Chen. He took three cities and left. In the thirteenth year, Wu came again to attack Chen, who asked for help in Chu. King Zhao of Chu came to rescue Chen, and encamped his troops in Chengfu. The army of Wu left. That year, king Zhao fo Chu died in Chengfu. At that time Confucius was in Chen. In the fifteenth year, Song destroyed Cao. In the sixteenth year, the king of Wu, Fuchai, attacked Qi, which he defeated in Ailing. He sent someone summon the marquis of Chen. The marquis of Chen was afraid, and went to Wu. And Chu attacked Chen. In the twenty first year, Tian Chang of Qi killed his lord, duke Jian. In the twenty third year, Sheng, the duke Bai of Chu killed ministers Zixi and Ziqi, and favoured king Hui. The duke of Xia attacked and defeated duke Bai, who committed suicide.

二十四年，楚惠王復國，以兵北伐，殺陳湣公，遂滅陳而有之。是歲，孔子卒。
In the twenty fourth year, king Hui of Chu returned to his state. He led his troops attack north, and killed fuke Min of Chen. Then he destroyed Chen and annexed it. That year, Confucius died.

杞東樓公者，夏后禹之后苗裔也。殷時或封或絕。周武王克殷紂，求禹之后，得東樓公，封之於杞，以奉夏后氏祀。
Duke Donglou of Qy was one of the descendents of Yu, the Xia emperor. During the Yin, some branches were enfeoffed, and some disappeared. After king Wu of Zhou prevailed over tyrant Zhou of Yin, he looked for descendents of Yu, and found duke Donglou, whom he enfeoffed in Qy, in order to continue the ancestral sacrifices of the Xia emperors.

東樓公生西樓公，西樓公生題公，題公生謀娶公。謀娶公當周厲王時。謀娶公生武公。武公立四十七年卒，子靖公立。靖公二十三年卒，子共公立。共公八年卒，子德公立。德公十八年卒，弟桓公姑容立。桓公十七年卒，子孝公丐立。孝公十七年卒，弟文公益姑立。文公十四年卒，弟平公郁立。平公十八年卒，子悼公成立。悼公十二年卒，子隱公乞立。七月，隱公弟遂弒隱公自立，是為釐公。釐公十九年卒，子湣公維立。湣公十五年，楚惠王滅陳。十六年，湣公弟閼路弒湣公代立，是為哀公。哀公立十年卒，湣公子敕立，是為出公。出公十二年卒，子簡公春立。立一年，楚惠王之四十四年，滅杞。杞后陳亡三十四年
The eastern duke Lou fathered the western duke Lou, who gave birth to duke Ti, who was the father of duke Mouqu. Duke Mouqu live in the time of king Li of Zhou. Duke Mouqu fathered duke Wu, who died in the forty seventh year of his reign, and was succeeded by his son, duke Jing. Duke Jing reigned twenty three years, died, and was replaced by his son, duke Gong. Duke Gong died in the eighth year of his reign and was replaced by his son, duke De. Duke De died in the eighteenth year of his reign, and was replaced by his brother, Gurong, who became duke Huan. When duke Huan died in the seventeenth year of his reign, his son, Gai, was crowned as duke Xiao. When duke Xiao died, in the seventeenth year of his reign, his brother, Yigu, was crowned as duke Wen. When duke Wen died in the fourteenth year of his reign, his brother, Yu, was crowned as duke Ping. When duke Ping died in the eighteenth year of his reign, his son, Cheng, was crowned as duke Dao. When duke Dao died in the twelfth year of his reign, his son, Qi, was crowned as duke Yin. In the seventh month, the brother of duke Yin, Sui, killed him and claimed the throne for himself, becoming duke Li. When duke Li died, in the nineteenth year of his reign, his son, Wei, was crowned as duke Min. In the fifteenth year of duke Min, king Hui of Chu destroyed Chen. In the sixteenth year, the brother of duke Min, Elu, killed him and took his throne, becoming duke Ai. When duke Ai died, in the tenth year of his reign, the son of duke Min, Chi, was crowned as duke Chu. When duke Chu died, in the twelfth year of his reign, his son, Chun, was crowned as duke Jian. After one year, in the forty fourth year of king Hui of Chu, he destroyed Qy, which was destroyed thirty four years after Chen.

杞小微，其事不足稱述。
Qy was very weak, its state affairs were not recorded.

舜之后，周武王封之陳，至楚惠王滅之，有世家言。禹之后，周武王封之杞，楚惠王滅之，有世家言。契之后為殷，殷有本紀言。殷破，周封其後於宋，齊湣王滅之，有世家言。后稷之后為周，秦昭王滅之，有本紀言。皋陶之后，或封英、六，楚穆王滅之，無譜。伯夷之后，至周武王復封於齊，曰太公望，陳氏滅之，有世家言。伯翳之后，至周平王時封為秦，項羽滅之，有本紀言。垂、益、夔、龍，其后不知所封，不見也。右十一人者，皆唐虞之際名有功德臣也；其五人之后皆至帝王，餘乃為顯諸侯。滕、薛、騶，夏、殷、周之閒封也，小，不足齒列，弗論也。
The descendents of Shun were enfeoffed in Chen by king Wu of Zhou. They were destroyed in the reign of king Hui of Chu. A lineage tells about it. The descendents of Yu were enfeoffed by king Wu of Zhou in Qy. They were destroyed by king Hui of Chu. This is told in a lineage. The descendents of Xie were the Yin, their story is told in the reigns. When Yin was destroyed, Zhou enfeoffed their descendents in Song, which was diestroyed by king Min of Qi. This is told in a lineage. The descendents of Houji were the Zhou, they were destroyed by king Zhao of Qin, and their story is told in their reign. Some descendents of Gaoyao were enfeoffed in Ying and Liu, and destroyed by king Mu of Chu, they had no annals. A descendent of Boyi was restored in Qi in the time of king Wu of Zhou, he was named Duke Tai, Wang, and was destroyed by the Chen clan. This is told in a lineage. The descendents of Boyi were enfeoffed in Qin in the time of king Ping of Zhou. They were destroyed by Xiang Yu, this is told in their reign. The fiefs of the descendents of Chui, Yi, Kui and Long are not known, and they are found nowhere. Those eleven men were all vassals of the time of Tang and Yu, famous by their deeds and virtue. The descendents of five of them became kings and emperors, the others became famous feudal princes. Teng, Xie and Zou were fiefdom created in the times of Xia, Yin and Zhou. The smaller states are not worth mentioning, and they are not discussed.

周武王時，侯伯尚千餘人。及幽、厲之后，諸侯力攻相并。江、黃、胡、沈之屬，不可勝數，故弗采著于傳（上）［云］。
In the time of king Wu of Zhou, there were more than a thousand princes and lords. By the time of King You and King Li, the strongest of the feudal prince had attacked and annexed the others. The descendents of Jian, Huang, Hu and Chen were among those who could not prevail, and therefore, they are not mentioned in records.

太史公曰：舜之德可謂至矣！禪位於夏，而後世血食者歷三代。及楚滅陳，而田常得政於齊，卒為建國，百世不絕，苗裔茲茲，有土者不乏焉。至禹，於周則杞，微甚，不足數也。楚惠王滅杞，其后越王句踐興。
Commentary by Sima Qian. The virtue of Shun truly was supreme! He let his throne to the Xia, and future generations went on sacrificing to him through the three dynasties. Even after Chu destroyed Chen, Tian Cheng assumed the government of Qi, and finally established a state. So for one hundred generations the sacrifices did not stop, and his descendents were more and more, and those who had land did not neglect them. As for Yu, his descendents were sent to Qy by the Zhou, but they were very weak, and never could be counted/recorded. King Hui of Chu destroyed Qy before the king of Yue, Goujian, rose.